| In order to scientifically formulate suitable prevention and control measures to parasitic diseases, an investigation about gastrointestinal nematodes and eimeria was carried in sheep and cattle by flotation method with saturated salt water in 12 counties of city in Datong, Shuozhou and Xinzhou in Shanxi Province. The results showed that the mean infection rate of parasites was 65.50% in sheep, 21.30% in cattle, while the detection rates of parasites in sheep was 81.40% in Datong, 66% in Xinzhou, 43.25%in shuozhou, in cattle was 40.63% in Datong, 14.88% in Xinzhou, 18% in Shuozhou. In these three regions, the range of infection intensity (eggs per gram of feces)of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep was971～3325, 270～1202, 41～1274; 22～597, 2～34, 2～77 in cattle ,while the range of infection intensity of eimeria was 60～403, 102～230, 26～240; 19～238, 6～82, 4～248 in cattle,respectively. Mostly, the detected gastrointestinal nematodes were Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus spp., Bunostomum spp., Nematodirus spp in sheep; and Cooperia spp., Oesophagostomum spp., Nematodirus spp.in cattle. Based on the epidemiological investigation and combined domestic parasitic diseases prevention with de-worming medication status, the study developed ivermectin transdermal agent to prevention and control of parasites effect. Vitro transdermal experiments were carried out for the drug screening prescriptions. The results about pharmacokinetic studies showed that drug - time curves is consistent with first-order absorption two-compartment model. Its main pharmacokinetical parameters were:T1/2(K10)54.41h±24.66h,T1/2(K01)15.41h±5.67h,AUC366.09μg/L*h±159.42μg/L*h,Cmax2.53μg/L±0.91μg/L, Tmax39.23h±11.55h, CL/F0.28h±0.15h. Skin irritation and toxicity test were carried in mice .The pathological examination showed that smear screening of transdermal formulations in mice does not produce toxic injury. A small pilot experiment in the flock showed that the insecticide had a good effect. |
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