Study On The Pattern Of Formation And Regulation On The Yield And Quality Of Oil Sunflower

In order to clarify the characteristics and regulation mechanism of the production and quality formation of oil sunflower, the experiments of variety,sowing time,density,fertilizer including N,P,K were performed. Meanwhile, the research on the sowing time and density which influence the yield and quality and fertilizer(N,P,K) which influence the high production of oil sunflower were also performed. The results suggest that:1. the accumulation pattern of dry matter and grain fat of oil sunflower shows S-curve. Dry matter accumulates faster during 43-78 days after emergence (the period between budding and flowering), while grain fat gets its fastest accumulation during 10-22 days after flowering.2. In different varieties, there has highly significant positive correlation between the maturing rate and the yield , while in the same variety the production was highly significant positive related to kernel weight under the different sowing time and the different sowing density, and it is highly significant positive related to the full grains and grain weigh in one sunflower plate.3. The accumlation of Linoleic acid increases slightly during the first 10 days of flowering and start to drop after 10 days. It decreases to the bottom at 20 days after flowering, and increase slowly later. With the delay in sowing time, the proportion of linoleic acid increase. However, the variation pattern of the oleic acid and linoleic acid are completely different, the concentration of linoleic acid in high oil variety (P45) is significantly higher than the other varieties but the oleic acid is the lowest among all the tested varieties obviously. Linolenic acid decreases gradually, its concentration drops to 0.5% at 20days after flowering and to 0 at 25days after flowering. Palmitic acid concentration also shows a decreased tendency, stearic acid concentration increases after 15 days of flowering, and decreases slightly between 15-35 days after flowering. The concentration of Palmitic acid in high oil variety (P45) is higher than the other tested varieties, while the concentration of linolenic acid and stearic acid have no significant difference among all the tested varieties.4.The leaf squre,dry matter accumulation and photosynthetic ability which were sowed on 15th, May are obviously higher than other sowing date. The content of fat in maturity is 48.2%, which is equal to that in the sowing date ,4th,June and higher than that in the sowing time of 5th,May and 25th,May. In the density level of 75 thousand individual plant /hm2, the leaf area,dry matter accumulation and photosynthetic ability are apparently higher than other density and the content of fat in maturing period is 48.4%, which is equal to that in density level of 45 thousand individual plant/hm2 and higher than that in density level of 60 thousand individual plant/hm2.5.For the high production oil sunflower variety NK6, the best sowing time is 15th, May and the most suitable density level is 75 thousand individual plant/hm2 in Huhhot. In Hetao irrigation region, the fertilizer of N,P,K significantly promote the yield of oil sunflower, the best ratio of fertilizer of N,P,K is 1.38:1.37:1.