Identification On The Chracater Of Springness And Winterness In Wheat

Freezing injury of wheat production in China is one of the main meteorological disasters. However, due to the inappropriate choice of varieties of wheat production in the freezing injury led to a serious natural phenomenon is increasingly prominent.In recent years, try some of the wheat area phenomenon wheat breeding community and the relevant departments attach great importance. That is the pursuit of individual breeding units from the early-maturing, or the need for expansion of cultivated area, while the deliberate ambiguity variety of types of winter and spring to participate in regional trials, through the validation. Cross-ecological zones across winter and spring test groups tested varieties increasing number of types of winter and spring varieties are very different in the same group involved in the tests, due to frequent warm winters, resulting in some species of cold resistance in the absence of the opportunity to fully exposed the case of luck through the validation will inevitably result in a normal winter temperatures, or cooler year for wheat serious damage to farm incoming, and threatened our country's food security.Try to avoid risk is that the basic principles of crop area, and the guiding role played crop breeding. Test managers at all levels of district expectations of an early start on winter and spring Identification project.This study was aimed at these problems, winter and spring for two consecutive years of a species identification methodology of the study. The results showed that:The results showed that: According to according to varieties of the spring (February 20) to sow the seeds heading rate, combined with the maturity of varieties, identify varieties of winter and spring types: spring heading rate of "30% of the normal mature varieties for spring classes; spring heading rate of≤30%, not the normal mature varieties of winter classes were preliminary. Based on February 20 sowing data: spring heading rate of 0, non-heading, low-temperature vernalization time> 45d, standard control: fat wheat, Ning-Dong 1, was identified as a strong winter varieties; sowing rate of (0-5)% heading , Miao heading stage> 85d, low-temperature vernalization time 35-45d, standard control: Long 6878, Beijing winter and 8, identified as two winter varieties; spring heading rate of (5-20)%, Miao heading stage 80-85d, low-temperature spring aging time 30-35d, standard control: Luohan 2, Jin-Mai 47, identified as 2 + level weak winter varieties; spring heading rate of "20%, Miao heading stage <80d, low-temperature vernalization time 20-30d, standard control : Zhou Mai 18, Yumai 49, identified as three semi-winter varieties; based on April 1 Sowing data: spring rate of (20-30 )%heading, Miao heading stage≥45d, low-temperature vernalization time, 5-20d, standard control : Yan Exhibition 4110, identified as four weak spring varieties; sowing rates of (30-60)% heading, Miao heading stage 40-45d, low-temperature vernalization time 0-5d, standard control: Chuannong 16, Yangmai 158, identified as 5 grade spring varieties; spring heading rate of "60%, Miao heading stage <40d, low-temperature vernalization time, 0d, standard control: Liao Chun 17, Ningchun 4, identified as 6 stronger spring varieties. Winter and spring can be used as evaluation methods and grading standards.The standard method based on the above areas and winter wheat in Henan Province in Huang-Huai spring water group Identification of winter wheat varieties obtained results are as follows: Yellow Huainan piece spring water group of 12 species were identified, showing for the winter class 5, accounting for species in this group test 41.7%; Henan Province spring water group of 26 species were identified, showing a variety of classes for the winter, 14 species, accounting for 53.8% of the tested varieties.Results demonstrate the identification of evaluation methods and grading standards for this method is feasible; choice of control credible. According to the results and identification of relevant experts and leading field visits, national and regional trial in Henan Province current and past use of the control varieties were represented in the group of Regional Trial winter and spring eco-types, represented strong, high reliability, but also further validation of the reliability of the method; identified a number of tested varieties of winter and spring to define a suspicious nature.This study demonstrated through the large number of experiments to determine winter and spring varieties of identification of specific parameters, to form a stable, reliable standard system, to provide assistance in wheat breeding for the varieties of regional test to provide a basis so as to protect the high-yield wheat production, stable yield, thereby strengthening our country's food security.