| The chemical control of vegetable diseases is the most important factor in vegetable products and environmental pollution of vegetable fields, biological control is the development direction of vegetable disease control. In this study, garlic bulb crude extract was prepared with water, and determined the inhibitory effect of garlic bulb crude extracts on Botrytis cinerea and Fulvia fulva by indoor inhibition, preventive and treatment effects of leaves in vitro and potted seedlings. The main results of this experiment are as follows:1. The inhibitory effect of garlic bulb crude extracts on Botrytis cinerea of tomato and cucumberThe indoor inhibition (the method of mycelial growth rate and spore germination rate) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of garlic bulb crude extracts on Botrytis cinerea was 80 mg/mL, the minimum fungicide concentration (MFC) of that was 120 mg/mL; the concentration of inhibited mycelial growth was 120 mg/mL, EC50 was 88.47 mg/mL, the concentration of inhibited spore germination was 60 mg/mL, EC50 was 24.07 mg/mL.The inhibitory effect of garlic bulb crude extracts on leaves of tomato and cucumber in vitro was tested using inoculation on leaves in vitro. The results showed that, the concentration (120 mg/mL) of garlic bulb crude extracts get good control Botrytis cinerea in the stage of seedling and adult. In the seedling, the preventive and curative effects of tomato leaf were 92.77% and 88.56%, respectively, and that of cucumber leaf were 97.05% and 87.11%, respectively; in adult, the preventive and curative effects of different parts of tomato leaf (young leaf, functionalal leaf and bottom leaf) were 100%, the preventive effects of cucumber leaf were 100%, and the curative effects were 100%, 96.29% and 92.48%.The control experiment of seedling indicated that garlic bulb crude extracts have the control effects on Botrytis cinerea in the leaves of tomato and cucumber by foliar spraying. The concentration (240 mg/mL) of garlic bulb crude extracts on the control effects was the best, and the preventive and curative effects were 89.13% and 76.45%, respectively.2. The inhibitory effect of garlic bulb crude extracts on Fulviafulva of tomatoThe results of indoor inhibition showed that high concentrations of garlic bulb crude extracts can completely inhibit the mycelial growth and spore germination of Fulvia fulva. MIC and MFC were 60 mg/mL and 80 mg/mL, respectively; the concentration of inhibition of mycelial growth and spore germination were 80 mg/mL and 40 mg/mL, respectively, EC50 were 41.52 mg/mL and 19.52 mg/mL, respectively. The results of inoculation of leaves in vitro showed that, the concentration (80 mg/mL) of garlic bulb crude extracts has good inhibition of Fulvia fulva in the seedling and adult leaves in vitro. In the seedling, the preventive and curative effects of tomato leaf were 97.60% and 87.96%, respectively, and in adult, the preventive and curative effects of different parts oftomato leaf were 85.32% and 83.49%, 76.50% and 68.91%, 69.92% and 69.36%, respectively.From the results of seedling inoculation, we can see that the concentration (160 mg/mL) of garlic bulb crude extracts has the best control effect on tomato leaves and the preventive and curative effects were 82.19% and 79.37%, respectively.3. The influence of garlic bulb crude extracts on the growth of tomato and cucumberAfter spraying different concentrations of garlic bulb crude extracts to the grow-up tomato and cucumber (120, 240 and 480mg/mL), there had little impact on the growth of height, stem diameter and leaf area in tomato and cucumber, and had not found phytotoxicity symptoms, such as necrotic spots, yellow and so on. It illustrated that, the concentration of garlic bulb crude extracts, which can effectively inhibit the growth of Botrytis cinerea and Fulvia fulva, will not affect the growth of host plants, and it can be effectively used for pathogen control. |
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