Sustainable Control Techniques Of Oulema Oryzae Kuwayama Of Heilongjiang

In recent years, Oulema oryzae damage strong and damage degree of the ascendant trend in Heilongjiang.A single chemical control measure has little effect for long time,and result in many questions,such as:pesticide residues,environmental pollution,destruction between ecological blance and biological diversity.It cause many concers that sreening of low toxicity and low-residue pesticides,or finding of a new non-polluting,non-nusisance prevention and control method.In this article, From the ecology of Oulema oryzae and the relationship between its resistance to Oulema oryzae .Study the effects of temperature on the growth and development of Oulema oryzae, resistance of different rice by Oulema oryzae, changes of physiological response of different rice feeded by Oulema oryzae, selectivity of different rice and secondary compounds by Oulema oryzae, evaluation of several insecticides to control Oulema oryzae,and sustainable control tactics of Oulema oryzae are studied for comprehensive control of Oulema oryzae. Research results are as follows:1.The developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature of Oulema oryzae was studied ,under the conditions of treatments of six levels of constant temperature(14, 18, 22, 26, 30℃)and photoperiod (14L:10D), relative humidity of 85%.Oulema oryzae egg, larva, pupa developmental threshold temperatures were 8.39℃, 7.20℃and 7.23℃, effective accumulated temperature, respectively 53.01,118.31 and 122.63 days·degree.The theoretical model of development speed and development duration was established,while get the fitting equation of developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature of Oulema oryzae.2. This study 6 varieties of rice in heilongjiang.And make test for resistance by Oulema oryzae.Results that Suijing4 is resistance varieties. Fengyuan2 and Kongyun131 are intermediate resistance varieties. Kenjiandao5 and Daohuaxiang2 are sensibility varieties and no significant differences between them. 05345 is intermediate sensibility.3. As a pattern of interaction between rice plants and Oulema oryzae, three physiological indexes were surveyed under Oulema oryzae feeding and simple mechanical damage to uncover physiological response of rice plants feed by Oulema oryzae and difference between two treatments, including total protein, free proline and soluble sugar.Results that under the insect feeding and mechanical damage after 96h, photosynthetic rate greaterdropinyield between resistance varieties and sensibility varieties;Under herbivore stress, transpiration rate are non-significant change between resistance varieties and sensibility varieties;Under mechanical damage,transpiration rate are significant change between resistance varieties and sensibility varieties;Under herbivore stress and mechanical damage,protein and soluble sugar reduced than contrast,proline increased than contrast,change trend of protein and proline are positive correlated with time.The soluble sugar changes larger fluctuation.As an object of the interaction between rice and Oulema oryzae, four enzymes activity of rice variety with different resistance to Oulema oryzae under the insect feeding and mechanical damages were investigated, including POD, SOD, CAT and MDA . Among them, SOD activity was gone up with continuous stages, others showed the similar change with weave crest in middle stage. Besides MDA in resistance rice was lower than the contrast, others were higher, however the significant difference of enzymes activity between treatment and contrast were achieved at different stages. Through the comparative analysis, CAT index could be used to identify the variety resistance to Oulema oryzae, because the activity was higher in the resistance variety than the sensitive variety in the course of insect feeding.All four enzymes were failed to distinguish difference between insect feeding and mechanical damage.4. Under laboratory conditions, using four-arm olfactometer were determined in rice Oulema oryzae larvae, adults of different damage, different rice varieties of olfactory response. The results showed that rice oulema these three kinds of rice varieties tend to have a clear response. Performance for 600s, the rice Oulema oryzae treatment area at the retention time than that of the control area was significantly longer residence time,that significant differences between the two. Test rice Oulema oryzae larvae, adults of different species of rice leaf and cut leaf damage, insect feeding, such as inducible factor-treatment of leaves of different rice varieties behavioral responses. Mechanical damage can be induced in rice leaves defense, a clear decrease of the feeding larvae. Insect-resistant varieties of rice varieties and Suijing 4 significant difference to determine the varieties of rice varieties of Daohuaxiang 2 for the flu bug.Under laboratory conditions, using four-arm olfactometer were determined in secondary compounds of four varieties and three kinds of damage of rice by Oulema oryzae.The results showed that preference or avoid of secondary compounds by Oulema oryzae for 300 s, Oulema oryzae adult in treatment retention more time than control, and significant difference, and as retention more time as more secondary compounds, that effect of larvae is not obvious. This research for resistance to rice variety screening of pesticides and the physiological responses under the stress of Oulema oryzae mechanism provides theory basis.5. With six kinds of pesticides in cold region Oulema oryzae conducted a determination of toxicity and field efficacy tests.Results that: The six kinds of pesticides toxicity from high to low was 0.3% Azadirachta indica,4.5% Cypermethrin in, 2.5% Decamethrin, 1.5% Avermectins, 10% Imidacloprid, 90% Dipterex;The field efficacy tests is very stable,six kinds of pesticides achieves 80%.