Studies On The Technics Of Extracting And Bacteriostasis Peculiarity Of Total Aikaioids From Halostachyscaspica

Caspica (Halostachyscaspica) is belonging to Chenopodiaceae (Chenopodiaceae) caspica (Halostachys CAMey).It is one of the main plant in the saline desert which is strong adaptability to the salt. Caspica contains complex chemical compositions. Currently,there are little study of antibacterial activity of constituents in the caspica. This thesis aim at caspica alkaloids with a preliminary study, including the alkaloid extraction, purification, structure identification and antimicrobial activities.Firstly, this study identified the main kind of chemical components in the caspica ; chosen four different extraction methods (acidic water extraction, ethanol heating extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction and Soxhlet extraction) to extract the total alkaloids and evaluation of extraction efficiency; use ultraviolet scanning to determine the total alkaloids caspica of characteristic absorption wavelength; investigated by orthogonal test solvent volume (A), solvent concentration (B) and ultrasonic treatment time (C) 3 factors on the extraction efficiency; study caspica extract on microbial growth inhibition; use of thin layer chromatography and mass spectrometry simply identified the types of alkaloids in the caspica.The results showed that: the caspica contains phenols, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, sugars, polysaccharides and their glycosides, amino acids and peptides, saponins, organic acids, steroids and triterpenoids, a variety of chemical constituents of volatile oil ,etc. Ethanol heating is the worst, with a total alkali content of only 0.404mg / g; Soxhlet extraction followed by extraction efficiency (0.477mg / g);Acid extraction extraction time, higher efficiency (0.520mg / g); Ultrasonic extraction was the best, with a total alkali content of 0.993mg / g. Caspica characteristic absorption wavelength is 280nm.Further optimization, the best technology is the A2B2C3, the solvent volume 0.5g/mL, 85% solvent concentration, ultrasonic processing time is 90min.According to inhibition experiment showed that, caspica antibacterial active substances is mainly in the ethyl acetate phase of total alkaloids. Caspica extract has strong antimicrobial effect to the Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus. Ethyl acetate relative of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis the minimum inhibitory concentration are 7.8mg/mL, to the Escherichia coli minimum inhibitory concentration is 15.6mg/mL.The result shows that ethyl acetate relative inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus greater than the bacteria of Escherichia coli antibiotic effects. The total extract to the Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis the minimum inhibitory concentration are 31.2mg/mL; there are no inhibitory effect to the streptococcus, Proteus vulgaris and baker's yeast. Caspica identified nine kinds of alkaloids by TLC of total alkaloids and GC-MS analysis.