Effects Of Glutamine To The Liver Injured By Chronic Cold Stress In Chicken

The cold stress is a universal stress factor to animals, especially newborn animals in cold region. it often evokes the growth performance and the resistance to descend, it has become the main reason that restricts the advance of the stock farming,therefore,the development of medicine or nutrient that can anti-cold stress has become one of the hot topics for the nutrition physiology. so far, there are researches show that the glutamine (glutamine,Gln) can relieve the effects to the stress response, such as trauma,infection,early weaning. 15 days chicken were chose as the experimental materials, Copy chicken model of chronic cold stress, at the same times, Add low,middle,and high doses of glutamine in the diet. Detect the subject chicken's liver histopathological changes, and the rate of hepatocyte apoptosis, the antioxidant function and NO metabolism in the serum and the liver, the liver function, and the expression of the HSP70mRNA in the liver. The results showed as follows:1. The activity of the alanine aminotransferase (ALT), the aspartate aminotransferase (AST), the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the content of the total bilirubin (TBIL), the direct bilirubin (DBIL), the indirect bilirubin (IBIL) in the serum of the cold stress group are higher than the control group; the above-mentioned target in the groups added with glutamine are lower than the group of cold stress, high-dose Gln groups are most obvious. total protein (TP), albumin / globulin (A / G)in the serum of cold stress groups compared with the control group were significantly lower, the two targets of the groups added with glutamine increased compared with the cold stress group, and the middle and high-dose group are most obvious. Showed that the high dose of Gln has role with ease on the cold stress injury of chicken liver function.2. The activity of the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the serum and the activity of the SOD in the liver decreased continuously, the GSH-Px in the liver increased vicariously at the early time, the middle and the late time decreased obviously. the content of the Malondialdehyde (MDA) increased, the level of the liver GSH-PxmRNA expression were degrade; Added Middle and high doses of Gln can significantly upgrade the activity of the GSH-Px, SOD and degrade the content of the MDA, enhance expression of GSH-PxmRNA in the liver. Showed that the Gln can relieve the oxidative damage caused by cold stress.3. The content of NO and the activity of NOS in the serum of cold stress group were increased, the content of NO and the activity of NOS, the level of iNOS mRNA expression in the liver reduced to a trend of increased; the content of NO and the activity of NOS in the serum and the liver, the expression of iNOS mRNA in the liver were all degrade Varying degrees. Showed that the Gln can impact the metabolism of NO in serum and liver, and the expression of iNOS mRNA in the liver, to exert its protective effect to the chicken liver.4. The Cold stress can induce apoptosis, caused mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum damage in chicken liver; degrade the rate of liver cell apoptosis and the degree of cell damage. Showed that the Gln can block liver cell apoptosis caused by cold stress from the cellular level.5. The level of HSP70 expression in the liver of cold stress chicken was degrade significantly; Add Gln upgraded the level of HSP70 expression in the liver in the whole cold stress process. Showed that the Gln can impede the damage of the liver from the molecular level.The above test results showed that the injury of liver caused by chronic cold stress and the protection of Gln from the organ, cellular and molecular level. Revealing that the Gln can counteract the injury of chicken liver caused by chronic cold stress from multiple aspects, exert its protective effect.