Factors Of Restricting Tobacco Planting And Sustainable Development In Nanping City And Study Of Countermeasures

Flue-cured tobacco grown in large area of land in Nanping City is not only one of major industrial crops in this area but also one of high-grade raw materials of cigarettes in our country.The sustainable development of tobacco production is to take advantage of natural resources scientifically, rationally and effectively in order to meet the needs of raw resources of tobacco. Meanwhile ecological environment of tobacco-growing area should be protected and improved, the overall function of ecosystem is preserved and enhanced, and the mode of tobacco production is optimized and improved. Only in this way can we produce enough high-grade tobacco and ensure that current and future demand of cigarette production will be met.In this thesis, a detailed survey of basic situation about tobacco cultivation in Nanping City is conducted. The favorable factors including weather, mineral nutrition, human resources and history of tobacco cultivation of Nanping City are analyzed. So the basic conditions of tobacco cultivation in Nanping City are good.However large quantity of field investigation and analysis of current tobacco production situation show that some factors are limiting the sustainable development of tobacco production. These factors are: 1 Compared with other economic crops, the relative efficiency of tobacco planting in Nanping City is declining and the disadvantages of tobacco planting are arising, which leads to the low zeal of tobacco growers; 2 Technology can't be implemented thoroughly. The scale of tobacco-planting area is rising and the tobacco technician is seriously lacking, which restricts the development of tobacco planting. 3 The ages of tobacco growers are too high and the quality of them is low. 4 The scale of tobacco planting is too small and there is lack of intensive tobacco management. 5 With the use of some new technologies of tobacco production and the rising scale, more and more risks are accumulated, but there is no insurance system for tobacco growers to avoid all kinds of risk. 6 Diseases and pests harm the tobacco planting. Because the land per capita is very little in Nanping City, most fields are planted two seasons a year. Usually tobaccos are planted in spring and rice or vegetables are planted in other seasons. So tobaccos are easy to get diseases and pests. Meanwhile the qualities of soil become lower and poor.Some countermeasures are taken to solve the problems above to realize the sustainable development of tobacco production:1 We should adjust the service system of tobacco production properly and give back part of agricultural taxi to tobacco growers, which can improve the economic efficiency of tobacco planting in Nanping City. We should develop some specialized households and popularize commercial tobacco seedling to establish modern social service system and improve tobacco growers'economic efficiency.2 We should establish and improve tobacco production bases and technical service system so that new technologies can be fully extended and applied.3 We should make full use of scientific system, strengthen the publicity of science to improve the thinking style of tobacco growers, strengthen the education of knowledge to improve the moral level and strengthen the training of technology to improve the scientific quality.4 We should innovate the way of organization of tobacco production, develop proper households to operate certain tracts of land and improve their quality, and innovate the way of circulation of land in order to promote the development of professional tobacco growers.5 We should establish and improve meteorological services and disaster-resistant system and improve the ability to withstand natural disasters, develop the agricultural insurance for tobacco growers and found the risking fund of tobacco production, establish the old-age pension for tobacco growers to support a sound insurance system and sustainable development of tobacco production.6 We should improve the level of pest and disease control, better the quality of soil, establish a special telephone available for all tobacco growers to call the"pest and disease doctor"to protect tobaccos, implement the plant protection principles"prevention-oriented and integrated control", intensify the training of tobacco growers, strengthen the scientific and rational use of pesticides, regulate the tobacco operation, innovate the management model of tobacco production in order to ensure that ecological environment go smoothly.