Molecular Phylogenetic Relationships Of The Maoershan Area Of Different Splash Types Of Harmonia Axyridis Pallas Based On Partial Sequences Of 16S RRNA And 12S RRNA Gene

The ladybird beetle,Harmonia axyridis Pallas,mainly distributes in Asia,and it is a highly polymorphic Coccinellidae with a wide geographic distribution,such as China, Mongolia,Korea,Japan and so on.H.axyridis Pallas is also an important predator insect,as well as a typical polymorphic species.It is main natural enemy of aphids,matsumura pine scales,mealybugs and other pests.Therefore,H.axyridis Pallas is widely released to control aphids and some other pests.The broadly distribution and plenty splash types of H.axyridis Pallas brings difficulties on their identification and nomination.With the development of systematics,the traditional research methods show their shortcomings in resolving systematics problems.Therefore,molecular systematics is becoming more and more popular to resolve systematics problems.The phylogenetic relationship of 12 different splash types of H,axyridis Pallas were studied based on 16S rRNA(510bp～537bp) and 12S rRNA(349bp～394bp) gene partial sequence.Nucleotides composition,ratio of transition and transversion,genetic distance, considerable variable sites of those segments were analyzed.By using Mega 4.0,PAUP (Version 4.0 b10) and Mrbayes(version 3.1.2) software packages,we constructed the molecular phylogeny using Neighbor-Joining(NJ),Minimum Evolution(ME),Unweighted Pair Group Method Using Arithmetic Mean(UPGMAM),Maximum Parsimony(MP) and Bayesian methods.The phylogenetic development relation of 12 different splash types of H,axyridis Pallas were also investigated based on 16S rRNA and 12S rRNA gene sequence.The results indicated that H.axyridis var.axyridis Pallas.was an original group,and had an earlier clade comparing with the other 11 splash types of H,axyridis Pallas according to the research on molecular systematics.H.axyridis var.spectabilis Fald and H.axyridis ab.lunata Hem., H.axyrisdis ab.(1/2)123456789-undevigintisignata Fald.and H.axyridis ab.succinea Hope.had the closest relationships shown from the phylogeny trees,Those rusults conformed to the morphology classification results.