Study On The Heterotic Performances And Inheritance Of Improved-line Of Maize Huang Zao Si

The limiting of the farmland resource in our country decided that the only way to increase Total grain yield was increasing the unit grain yield.Breeding species of maize which grow better in density,such as Tangsipingtou group that Constitution of improved-line of huangzao4 and Huangzao4 had a good trend of development in our country in the future.Many excellent hybrids of maize were crossed by Tangsipingtou group,Reid,Lancaster,PN,Such as hybrids of Zhengdan 958,it das been growed in big area.Growed Huangzao4 was good application and development of maize for compact type in our country,and found a new situation on breeding and producing.Huangzao4 of maize have a greatly potential in the future.In this experiment we used incomplete diallel cross analysis.There are three heterosis group models: Tangsipingtou×Reid.Tangsipingtou×Lan.Tangsipingtou×PN.We divided into two sets with deferent planting density,and studied on its heterotic performance,genetic of phant high,ear length,ear width and so on.Result as follows:(1)Index of heterosis had the same trend in two groups,and Grain weight was the maximum mid-parenter heterosis in two groups.The yeild of 853×185and chang7-853×182 were more than CK Zhengdan 958 In setl;the yeild of A87×185,chang7-853×782,8853×185,444×C8605-2,853×185,853×9046 were more than CK Jidan 261 In set2.(2)GCA didn't change with the density,But SCA and ANOVE of specific combining ability changed with the density.8853,853,1285,1782 had higher GCA and 7-853 had higher SCA of Grain weight,ear width,ear length etc.The grain yield of per plant was the same changing with the TCA.GCA and SCA had an common effect on the seed weight.(3)The additive gene effect was important in the Ear width,100-grain weight,cob weight,grain index of F1. The additive gene effect and the non-additive effect were all important in the Bald length,Ear weight,grain weight,cob diameter,row per ear of F1.The general heritability and narrow heritability of grain index and cob weight were more than 50%,and these characters mainly came from heredity factor influence.so it should be selected early During the period of breeding of species.But the general heritability and narrow heritability of grain weight and ear weight were smaller than 50%,and these characters are more and greatly influenced by environment,it is necessary to notice environment's influence when material choose.(4)Yield and character with a bigger related is Ear length,row per ear,number per row,100-grain weight, other character next best in tow sets experiments result.(5)The yeild of 8853×182,853×C8605-2,853×185,853×181,444×Mo17,8853×9046,444×181 density in 6000 stubs/ha were more than we verified that tangsipingtou×Reid.Tangsipingtou×Lancaster of the heterosis group model have potential using in the breeding tolerance density species.