Research On The Nutrition Characteristic Of Nitrogen Phosphorus And Potassium Of Spring Maize Under Fertilizing Model With High-yield

Mineral nutrients have small percentage in dry weight of crop plants,but they play important role in regulating crop Plants,especially have the effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on crop yield and quality.Studies on the relationship of the absorption,accumulation and distribution of nutritive elements in super hight yield spring maize have been done,yet which are in different nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium levels of fertilizing had not been reported,in view of this,the experiment was condueted on Kaoshang town of Nongan country,Jilin province during 2006-2007.After completed field experiment of"Spring maize of super-high yield and efficiency",the materials which fetehed from field was handled in lab.The levels of nitrogen,phosphors and potassium in spring maize were detected.The absorption,accumulation and distribution of nutritive elements in high yield spring maize were discussed.The main concerned results were summarized as follows:1.The studies showed the effects of fertilizer treatments on super- high yield of spring maize:according to different fertilizer application about nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,the trends of yield change basically uniform,that is the yield increased within a permissive extent followed the increasing fertilizer application.If more than a certain extent,it will lead to yield decreased followed the increasing fertilizer application.Their specific representations are:spike numbers,gains per spike,thousand kernel weight.The most key factor is thousand kernel weight.Considering the grain output,findings are:N2,P2 and K2 are highest,their fertilization are N 400 kg/hm²,P₂O₅ 200 kg/hm²,K₂O 200 kg/hm²,the average yield is 976.8 kg/667m².Under this experimental conditions,N2,N3,P2,P3,K2,K3 every treatment has reached super highyield.2.Accumulation of dry matter of Spring maize in different fertilizer application treatments shows a slow-fast-slow carve to the whole process.The process can be divided into three grow stages,they are exponential growing period,linear-growing period,and slow-growing period.Mosts of grains yield come from accumulation of dry matter in tasselling-milk stage.N2,N3 treatments account for 51.83%～49.95%,P2,P3 treaments account for 50.36%～42.92%,K2,K3 treatments account for 49.46%～49.00%.So it is very important and direct for yield and accumulation of dry matter after tasselling stage.The changing tend of dry matter accumulation are basically consistent in different treatments,but amounts of dry matter accumulation are significantly different.Their specific representations are:N2＞N3＞N1＞N0,P2＞P3＞P1＞P0,K2＞K3＞K1＞K0。 3.In filling stage,distribution of dry matter in different organs show stem＞leaves＞grains＞sheath under the different fertilizer application of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium.Leaves,stem and sheath account for the percentage of dry matter that are gradually decreased after filling stage,yet grain account for the percentage of dry matter that is gradually increase.To mature stage distribution of dry matter in different organs show grains＞stem＞leaves＞sheath.The contribution of grain dry matter for each treatment manifestation P＞K＞N.4.The experiment shows that orderlindss of transfer rate of the dry matter and transfer amount account for the percentage of the the grain dry matter in stem,leaves and sheath manifestation NO＞N3＞N1＞N2,P0＞P3＞P1＞P0,K0＞K3＞K1＞K2.Distribution of the dry matter of the organ manifestation the most reasonable transfer rate of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium are 57.68%,46.87%,48.16%.5.The studies showed in earlier growth stage the nitrogen content in leaves is highest,in the late growth stage grain is highest.The different amount of nitrogen application only cause the differences of nitrogen content in every organ.The max amount of nitrogen absorption accumulation appeared wax mature stage.The total absorption amount of N0～N3 are 242.03kg/hm²ï½ž305.18kg/hm².In spring maize the nitrogen absorption and utilization can reflect intensify of nitrogen absorption,there are two peaks of nitrogen absorption:jointing to trumpet and tasselling to filling,the former was lower than the latter,but the key stage is in the former.6.The experimental results showed the change laws of phosphorus content are similar with nitrogen content in each organ,but its contents are far less than nitrogen.The max amount of phosphorus absorption accumulation appeared mature stage,the total absorption of P0～P3 are 120.11kg/hm²ï½ž155.11kg/hm².There are two peaks of phosphorus absorption in Spring maize:trumpet to tasselling,filling to milk,the former was higher than the latter,the key stage of phosphorus application is before jointing stage.7.The studies showed potassium contents are different from nitrogen and phosphorus content in each organ in spring maize,potassium content in stem is the highest.The max amount of potassium absorption accumulation appeared milk stage,after milk stage the spring maize stop absorbing potassium and appear the tendency of effiux mediated.The total absorption of K0～K3 are 412.65kg/hm²ï½ž489.75kg/hm²,it was more than nitrogen and phosphorus absorption.There was one peak of potassium absorption in Spring maize: trumpet to tasselling.