Study On The Effects Of Tourist Activities On The Soil Characteristics In Napahai Wetland

Since the 1980s, China's tourism industry is the rapid development. At the same time, tourism brought about by the activities of the ecological environment also highlighted the growing, especially in the past decade, tourism has caused environmental problems the attention of many scholars, academics of different disciplines background made a lot of this research work, and achieved notable achievements, the development of tourism industry of our country and the harmonization of protection of the ecological environment has provided theoretical guidance. However, the current status of research, the problem still needs to be in-depth development.Wetlands are aquatic and terrestrial environment continuously or interactive extension of eco-regions, from the viewpoint features and habitats have double. So many wetlands, the ecosystem is extremely weak. Highland wetland is a special kind of wetland types, mainly distributed in China's southwestern Yunnan province to the majority, while China's Yunnan Province is a major tourist provinces, especially in developing ecotourism, tourism has become the province's leading industries. Against this backdrop, a new form of tourism: tourism plateau wetland gradually molding, in which the Shangri-La in the most typical tourist activities. The Shangri-La County is a typical plateau wetland Napahai for study by the Environmental Science quantitative methods to assess tourism activities on the ecosystem Napahai degree of influence.Based on the study on regional characteristics of the wetland soil and site visits related to the collection, selection experiments in Shangri-La County Napahai plateau wetland area, suffering from varying degrees tourism activities as a soil disturbance and destruction caused by the study. According to the local tourism activities (riding tourism) to the specific conditions prevailing in the terrain constructed under the premise of basically the same, according to the severity of damage tourism on the regional level will be divided into three different types, namely: mild disturbance, moderate interference District severe interference zone. At the same time choose not received any destruction of the status quo soil as a reference, thus to compare the analysis, along with the increasing strength of tourism, soil physical and chemical properties of gradient changes. In order to shield due to differences in terrain and intuitive judgment no reason for the error, such as using the more repeat sampling approach, for each type of interference with a regional representative selection of lots set up monitoring points 7-10. Explore the use of space-time substitution, in 2006 conducted two sample. Sampling of the main borrow choose the status quo (In-Situ) Act will be made in accordance with undisturbed soil samples 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm two levels of stratification on different levels, soil physical properties of the key indicators of change. Determination of the chemical properties of each sample set of three repeat. Finally, the experimental data from the statistical analysis.The results indicate that: in tourism, the trampling of the horse damage the vegetation of lakeside meadow, it cause the loss of organic. the content of soil organic is 66.661 g/kg in the site of control, and 20.779 g/kg in the site of highly trampling. The soil particles were compacted, it mainly appeared that soil bulk density is 1.2799g/cm3 in the site of control and 1.7812 g/cm3 in the site of highly trampling, it was increased with the trampling increased, thereby the capillary porosity declined, and soil total porosity decreased. soil total porosity is 51.701% in the site of control and 32.786% in the size of highly trampling. Capillary pore decreased from 37.795% to 14.579%,meanwhile, soil aeration and permeability declined, the coefficient of stable infiltration of the site of control is 2.4218mm/min and 0.0572mm/min of the site of highly trampling. The water infiltration rate decreased, with the trampling increased, the water indexes of soil decreased, natural water content was from 32.117% to 13.116%,capillary moisture was from 48.108% to 25.902% and saturated water content was from 49.507% to 28.031%.Therefore, streamflow increased on the ground surface, caused the soil erosion badly, and then caused the damage of litter. Additionally, the others impacts caused by tourism on species will change the structure of community. The height of plants decreased, density of grass and plant diversity decreased, accumulation of soil organic carbon decreased even lost. On the other side, trampling caused the soil bareness, water infiltration decreased and wetland habitat changed.