Effect Of Three Additives On Growth Performance And Digestive Function Of Parabramis Pekinensises And Carassius Auratus Gibelio

By taken Parabramis Pekinensis and Carassius auratus gibelio as the experimental animal,basal diet was added citric acid,xylo-oligosaccharide,and bacillus to explore the effect to the growth performance,digestive enzyme activities,intestinal flora,intestinal shape,and anti-oxidation function,to provide the guidance for aquaculture application of citric acid,xylo-oligosaccharide,and bacillus,and provide the theoretic basis in further research.This study included three parts and the results were presented as follows:In experiment 1,the effects of citric acid and xylo-oligosaecharide on the growth, antioxidant indexes,and digestive enzyme of Parabramis Pekinensis were studied.1050 Parabramis Pekinensises were divided randomly into 7 group with 5 replicates.Fish were fed the basal diet(the control groupⅠ) and the experimental diets which containing 0.3% citric acid(Ⅱ),0.01%xylo-oligosacchafide(Ⅲ),0.3%citric acid plus 0.01% xylo-oligosaccharide(Ⅳ),0.3%citric acid plus 0.0075%xylo-oligosaccharide(Ⅴ),0.2% citric acid plus 0.01%xylo-oligosacchaxide(Ⅵ),0.2%citric acid plus 0.0075% xylo-oligosaccharide(Ⅶ),respectively.After feeding for 70 days,the weight of fish body, serum glucose,and triglyceride levels,the activities of protease and amylase in intestine and hepatopancreas were determined respectively.The result showed:compared with the control group,the average body weight of Parabramis Pekinensis of the groupsⅡ,Ⅲ,Ⅴ,Ⅵincreased by 26.98%,24.19%,33.01%and 30.77%significantly(P＜0.05) in the later stage,respectively.The serum triglyceride of Parabramis Pekinensises of the groupsⅡ,Ⅳ,Ⅴincreased by 48.71%,13.18%and 35.89%(P＜0.05) respectively;the serum glucose level of Parabramis Pekinensises of the groupⅡdecreased by 41.40%significantly (P＜0.05).The activities of amylase in hepatopancreas of Parabramis Pekinensises of the groupsⅡ,Ⅴincreased by 27.78%and 42.51%significantly(P＜0.05),the activity of protease in hepotopancreas of Parabramis Pekinensises of the groupsⅢ,Ⅵincreased by 23.01 and 29.91%significantly(P＜0.05);the activities of intestinal amylase of Parabramis Pekinensises of the groupⅡincreased by 45.51%significantly(P＜0.05);the activities of intestinal protease of Parabramis Pekinensises of the groupⅥincreased 17.06% significantly(P＜0.05).In experiment 2,the effects of synbiotics on growth performance,intestinal flora and morphology of Parabramis Pekinensises were studied.400 Parabramis Pekinensises were divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates randomly,and fed the basal diet(the control group) and the basal diet with 0.1%synbioticsⅠ,0.1%synbioticsⅡ,0.1%synbioticsⅢ, respectively.After feeding for 70d,body weight gain,serum SOD,MDA,GSH-Px, intestinal flora,and intestinal villus were determined respectively.The result showed: compared with the control group,the group with synbioticsⅠincreased the average body weight gain of Parabramis Pekinensises by 14.87g significantly(P＜0.05),reduced feed coefficient by 0.58 significantly(P＜0.05).The group with synbioticsⅠ,synbioticsⅡ, synbioticsⅢincreased activities of SOD by 13.97%,12.74%and 9.27%(P＜0.05) significantly,and the three groups also increased activities of GSH-Px by 91.86%,78.46%, and 101.4%significantly.Compared with the control group,both the group with synbioticsⅠand synbioticsⅢdecreased the MDA content by 19.12%and 17.19% significantly,and the group with synbioticsⅡdecreased by 15.96%,but did not reach significant level.Compared with the control group,the group with synbioticsⅠ, synbioticsⅡand synbioticsⅢreduced the number of escherichia coli in intestine chime by 8.12%,8.24%,and 7.87%significantly(P＜0.05).The three groups also increased the number of bacillus in intestine chime by 11.96%,5.74%,and 9.72%significantly(P＜0.05), but the content of lactobacillus did not have any significant change.Compared with the control group,the group with synbioticsⅠincreased villus height by 20.65%,13.55%,and 23.93%significantly in foregut,midgut and hindgut of Parabramis Pekinensises.And this group increased 28.73%of villus height and crypt depth in hindgut significantly(P＜0.05).In experiment 3,the effects of biological emulsifier on growth performance,nutrients digestibility,antioxidant index and liver morphology of Carassius auratus gibelios were investigated.750 Carassius auratus gibelios were allocated into 5 groups with 5 replicates randomly,and fed the basal diet(the control groupⅠ) and the basal diet with 0.05% emulsifier(Ⅱ),-0.05%oil,0.05%emulsifier plus 0.5%rice bran(Ⅲ),-0.75%oil,0.05% emulsifier plus 0.95%rice bran(Ⅳ),-0.75%oil,0.08%emulsifier plus 0.92%rice bran(Ⅴ), respectively.After feeding for 70 days,body weight gain,apparent digestibility,serum SOD,MDA,CAT,and liver tissue section were determined respectively.The results showed that:Compared with the control group,The groupsⅡ,Ⅲ,V increased body weight gain by 104.92%,89.57%and 66.66%significant(P＜0.05),and feed coefficient in the 3 groups decreased 33.54%,22.68%and 11.50%respectively.Compared with the control group,the groupsⅡ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴincreased Carassius auratus gibelios apparent digestibility of feed dry matter by 18.06%,14.20%,32.54%,and 29.02%significantly,and the four groups have improved apparent digestibility of feed fat of Carassius auratus gibelios by 6.77%,9.92%,17.13%and 17.51%significantly(P＜0.05)The groupsⅡ,Ⅲ,Ⅴhave improved apparent digestibility of feed protein by 23.82%,26.95%and 26.32% significantly(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the groupsⅢ,Ⅳhave a significant effect on serum SOD(P＞0.05) which increased 23.81%,19.95%,22.18% respectively.Meanwhile,compared with the control group,the trial groups decreased MDA contents in some extent,but did not reach significant level(P＜0.05).The groupⅡincreased CAT content by 66.89%significantly(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group, all the trial groups had no pathological change.Color of the control group was very light, the number of Eosinophil-particle in cytoplasm was few,protein synthesis was not strong, liver glycogen and muscle glycogen had excess consumption.The groupsⅡ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴexhibited full cell wall,deep cell color,and lots of eosinophil-particle.They have abundant capillary,strong hepatic metabolism,and strong protein synthesis,etc.