| Soybean(Giycine soja) is the closely related species of cultivated soybean(G.max).It is distributed only in the northen and central area of eastern Asia.China is the area that has the most extensive distribution and the richest germplasms of wild soybean.Now,there were more than 6,700 accessions of wild soybean germplasms have been collected in China,accouting for over 90 persentage of world's total number,wild soybean has the extensive distribution in our coutry,making it form different ecological types which meets different environmental conditions and have abundant hereditary variation.It has many excellent genotypes,such as strong resistence,wide adaptability,good character and fertility etc.so that it becomes the rare valuable resource on improving the heredity of soybean.In this study,wild soybean germplasms of Anhui province were investigated,collected and cleaned up to difinitude the geographical distribution of wild soybean germplasms,the genetic diversity of part materials, including hard,agronomic characters,character etc.was analyzed through SSR marker.The result were as follows:1.By investigation and analysis,we knew Glycine soja germplasms had the traits of wide distribution,multi—types,various small ecological surrounding types and rich genetic diversity in Anhui province.The number of wild soybean was obviously different in the different ecosystem.2.The analysis of stem characters,including leaf shape,hair color and the stem habit,and seed characters,including seed coat color,mud membrane,hilum color and 100-seed weight were analyzed for 34 newly collected wild soybean germplasms in Anhui province.the result were as follows,Vegetable shape is all rampant;there were 4 types of leaf shape,including elliptic,long-elliptic,ovoid and lanceolate shape,accouting for 50.0%,29.4%,14.7%and 5.9%; Hair is all brown;Seed coat color has two types,black and brown yellow;1 hilum color has also two types,brown and black,accouting for 39.2%and 60.8%;100-seed weight is＜2.5g. 3.The study of wild soybean's hard character and the way of breaking hard in Hefei area, the results showed that more effective measures are the blading pierced seeds and sulfuric acid soaking seeds 50min or around.After the treatment,the germination percentage of seeds has reached 98.0%and 98.7%respectively.According to the fact above,the main reason for the hard seed is that the seed's skin is unpenetratable with air and water.4.Protein and fat content of newly collected wild soybean germplams in Anhui province was analyzed.Protein content is from 41.66%to 53.02%,and the mean content is 48.22%;Fat content is from 6.24%to 11.61%,and the mean content is 8.42%;There is a positive relationship between protein and fat(R=-0.5622).The southwest wild soybeen is more than northeast wild soybean on protein.5.Wild soybean has many side branches,the first and second side branche's stem length accounts for 75.4%and 18.0%;Seed output accounts for 59.9%and 36.9%.The side branch is its biological output and economic output main position.6.The genetic diversity of 24 newly collected wild soybean materials in 2006 from Anhui province was analyzed by SSR and cluster analysis with the UPGMA method.237 polymorphic bands were amplified by 54 pairs of SSR primers.Genetic diversity index showed that distribution of Simpson index was 0.4063～0.8835 and mean 0.7203,and distribution of Shannon—weaver index was 0.6191～2.1662 and mean 1.4574.By using the dendrogram analysis,24 materials were separated into three major groups at the DNA level: Jianghuai mounds,Huaibei piain and mixed group of Yanjiang plain,southern and western mountain wild soybean group in Anhui province. |
PDF Full Text Request