Effect Of Copper And Zinc On The Quality And Security Of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Bunge

With more and more quantities of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge being widely cultivated, their quality and security have being more and more focused on.The experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of copper and zinc on quality and security of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge to aim at building a theory basis for its good quality and high yield.The effect of microelement copper and zinc on Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge growth was expounded,the mechanism of microelement copper and zinc on the three Lipophilic Components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bungewas investigated,and the migration distribution of copper and zinc in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge was discussed,by hydroponic experiments, sand culture experiments and soil culture experiments in gradually in this paper.The suitable application amount of microelement copper and zinc was advanced at last in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge planting.Main original results are shown as follows.(1) Hydroponic experiments results illustrated that it promoted Salviae miltiorrhizae bunge growth,when copper concentration did not exceed 0.5 mg/L and zinc concentration was not greater than 0.75 mg/L.But it inhibited Salviae miltiorrhizae bunge growth,when copper and zinc concentration was all more than 1.5 mg/L.Three tanshinones (cryptotanshinone,tanshinoneⅠand tanshinoneⅡA) contents increased with the increasing of copper and zinc concentration,and then decreased.At the concentration of copper was 0.5 mg/L,the tanshinones contents reached maximum value.When zinc concentration was 0.75 mg/L,tanshinoneⅠand tanshinoneⅡA contents reached maximum value.Zinc concentration was 0.5 mg/L,cryptotanshinone contents reached maximum value.Upper part and underground part of copper and zinc contents increased with increasing of copper and zinc concentration.At the same concentration,copper and zinc contents of underground part were higher than that of upper part.(2) Sand culture experiments results showed that both biomass of upper part and underground part and the contents of three tanshinones increased with increasing of copper and zinc concentration.During the early period of growing season,the increase rate of underground part biomass was most,which was lowest in the end of growing season. Dynamic monitoring on contents of tanshinones of the plant roots with different copper and zinc concentration in the whole growing season showed that the contents of tanshinones for 60 days were the lowest,the peak for 150 days and then dropped for 180 days.In addition, among available copper and zinc contents in the matrix,oxidase including peroxidase(POD)and polyphenol oxidase(PPO) activity and contents of tanshinones in the roots,the correlation every between two factors were significant difference(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).So we deduce that the mechanism of copper and zinc on the accumulation of tanshinones in Salviae miltiorrhizae bunge root may be that suitable copper and zinc concentration improve the activity of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase,which promote transformation of Phenolic Compounds to terpenes and therefore contents of tanshinones are increased.At the same concentration,copper and zinc contents of the underground part were higher than that of the upper part.At the same treatment except the control in six sampling periods,the contents of copper and zinc in upper part and underground part of Salviae miltiorrhizae bunge first increased,then decreased with the lapse of time,the peak for 150 days,and then dropped for 180 days.(3) Soil culture experiments results illustrated that both biomass of upper part and underground part and the contents of three tanshinones increased firstly,and then decreased with the increasing of copper and zinc concentration.When copper and zinc concentration was 1.0mg/kg and 2.0mg/kg,respectively,they were up to maximum value.Dynamic monitoring on contents of tanshinones of the plant roots with different copper and zinc concentration in the whole growing season showed that the contents of tanshinones for 60 days were the lowest,the peak for 150 days and then dropped for 180 days.The contents of copper and zinc in upper part and underground part of Salviae miltiorrhizae bunge increased with the increasing of copper and zinc concentration.At the same concentration, copper and zinc contents of the underground part were higher than that of the upper part.At the same treatment the contents of copper and zinc in upper part and underground part of Salviae miltiorrhizae bunge gradually increased with time goes,the peak for 180 days.In order to ensure good quality and high yield of Salviae miltiorrhizae bunge,we suggest that the suitable concentration of copper and zinc is 1.0 mg/kg and 2.0 mg/kg will be applied in planting,respectively.