| Compared to grain, cotton is the second most important crop, which matters much to the national economy and the people's livelihood. Shadong province has a traditional history of growing cotton, with it constantly playing a significant role in the economic development of cotton area. To bring about accurate, favorable and practical policies and measures, thus exerting the regional superiority of cotton production, increasing farmers' income and boosting local economy, it's necessary for us to study cotton production historically and analyze current conditions and problems, resulting in a healthy and steady development of the cotton industry.Historically, the paper presents the changes of cotton production in Shandong province. With an ideal and favorable climate, in the past 50 years, 8 major cotton-production districts have been tooken shape, including such areas as Heze, Dezhou, Binzhou, Liaocheng, Weifang, Jining, Jinan and Dongying, covering 95% of cotton-planting areas of the whole province. Influenced by such factors as policies and natural conditions, Shandong's cotton production has had a fluctuating development, as can be seen obviously after the reform and open policy. By mutual efforts of teaching, research and producing sectors, cotton varieties have been replaced and remewed for 6 times in Shandong province since the foundation of the PRC, which led to more than 10% of yield increase every time. Simultaneously, quiet great progress and improvement are also made in cotton planting. Over the past 50 years, a large number of practical production-increasing techniques popularized all over the province, both advancing the technique of cotton planting and representing the characteristics in different historical periods in Shandong province.Through the study on cotton production in Shandong province, it could be seen that Shandong plays a key role in China's cotton production. During the both beginnings of 1980s and 1990s, the average numbers of cotton-planting areas and total yield were respectively 1,300,000 hectares and 1,000,000 tons or so. In both area and yield, Shandong accounted for 1/4 of the whole country, and the export output, 1/5, ranking first nationally. Due to different factors, the status of cotton production in Shandong declined during the 1990s. In 1999, Shandong's cotton-planting area and total yield were both the fifth in China. As the time went into the 21st century, cotton production in Shandong province recoveried obviously, the area and total yield reached 1,059,000 hectares and 1,098,000 tons respectively and were both the second in China (just next to Xinjiang). Through the analysis on global cotton production, the paper points the global status of cotton production of Shandong province and puts forward the practicable experience to be used for reference.Through the analysis of predominance and feebleness of Shandong's cotton production, it's confirmed that Shandong's cotton industry has advantages in quality, consumption, benefit, current cost and science and technique content of cotton planting, but deficiencies also lie in scale, inherent quality of fiber, macroscopical adjustment, circulating system, with a lack of generous investment in research and enough mental recognition.On the basis of the study above, some good strategies are summarized for the further development of Shandong's cotton industry, as follows: optimizing the industry's distribution and promoting the scale of planting, adapting to the demand of market and improving the quality of cotton, advancing the industry's management and reducing circulating cost, increasing cotton yield and integrative benefit, reinforcing the field construction of quality cotton and doing well the industry of cotton seeds, and then relying on technology, accelerating the development of cotton industry. Finally, such suggestions are given as reinforcing macroscopical adjustment, restoring and strengthening the support for cotton production, and speeding the reform in circulating systems.
|
PDF Full Text Request