Study On The Selection Cultivating Substrate And Nutritious Solution Of Wildling Flower

Fern and alpine rhododendron, as its various species and broad distribution, are important wildling flower resources in China. Having multifarious modality, they are valuable in view and admiring. During the artificial cultivation, it was found that these kinds of wildling flower were difficult to multiply and commercialize, because of its uneven growth, lower growing rate and high dead rate in seedling stage. Guizhou province is one of the maximum regions for the varieties of these wild flower, there are more than 700 kinds of fern and 80 kinds of rhododendron. To investigate a proper solid and liquid substrate, shorten seedling growing time for wild flower is theoretical and practical significant in increasing the characteristics of view and admiring, accelerating commercialization, exploiting wildling flower resource.The effects of solid and liquid substrate on the wildling flower were investigated by using materials of field soil, prelate, sawdust, carbonized sawdust, turf, 4 kinds of organic fertilizers, 3 kinds of chemical compound for hydroponics and the methods of solid and liquid culture, the main results obtained were as follow:1. During the initial stages, there was no relationships between germinated time of fern spores and solid substrates, this may due to the gametophytes were on the stage of meiosis, the rhizoid were too small to absorb water and nutrients.2. Although the makeup ratio were the same, different solid substrates or its compounding had different effects on fern, the compound of field soil: prelate: carbonized sawdust=1:1:1was the most effective for fern spores germination and seedling growth.3. Organic fertilizers had positive effects on fern spores germination, could shorten prothalliums and sporophyte time. The effects of organic fertilizers changed with the different substrates, under field soil: prelate: carbonized sawdust brand"Beili Dielianhua"was the most effective, while under single substrate as field soil brand"Beili"was the most effective.4. Under no organic fertilizer, the three kinds of solid substrate compounds had no difference in the effects on germination of rhododendron seeds. The effects of organic fertilizer on the germination were based on the solid substrate, when field soil: prelate: carbonized sawdust was used, the application of organics fertilizers showed positive effects, especially for the brand"Beili Dielanhua"was the best, but not under the base of single field soil substrate was used.5. Among the three compounded substrates, field soil: prelate: carbonized sawdust showed a better effect on the growth of rhododendron seedlings, but differences still not reached statistic level; Under organic fertilization, the differences of compounded substrates with single field soil substrate in the effects on seedling growth were not statistically significant. 6. Organic fertilizers could increase leaf numbers, leaf area, by comparing the four kinds of organic fertilizers, the special fertilizer of brand"Dujuanhua"was the best.7. In hydroponics, the nutritional solution of brand"Xinnongfu"showed the best effects on the seedling growth of both fern and rhododendron plant, to compare with the other 2 kinds of nutritional solution used in this work, the increase in leaf number, blade length and width of both fern and rhododendron were statistically significant.