Study On The Adaptability Of The Temperature-duration Of Day And The Genetic For The Wheat Quality Traits

The paper studies the trait of wheat quality from two aspects.The first, the six wheat breed with the gluten of different strength was utilized, Zhongyou9507 (hard gluten), Yumai34 (hard gluten), Gaoyou503 (medium gluten), Jingdong11 (medium gluten), Wanmai19 (weak gluten), and the check variety, Jing411. These breed was treated, utilizing the different temperature and duration of day, in the artificial climate chamber, during the prophase, metaphase and anaphase for wheat filling. The wheat quality was measured, respectively, the kernel length and width, the protein content, wet gluten content, kernel hardness, SDS- sedimentation, peak viscosity, hold viscosity, final viscosity, setback viscosity, breakdown viscosity for whole wheat flour. The purpose is to analyze the effect of temperature and the duration of day on the wheat quality. The results were as follows:1)The differences of the kernel length were caused by the genotype importantly, simultaneously, the temperature and duration of day taking effect significantly. The mean square of genotype was largest. The relation of magnitude for kernel width, temperature > duration of day > genotype.2)The protein content was effected by the temperature, duration of day, treatment period and genotype significantly, and the genotype had the largest mean square. The difference of kernel hardness was significant only for genotype. The variance of temperature, duration of day, treatment period and genotype in the wet gluten and SDS- sedimentation was significant (P<0.01), and the variance of temperature was largest among the four factors.3)The variance of genotype in the peak viscosity, hold viscosity, final viscosity, setback viscosity, and breakdown viscosity was largest among all of factors significantly (P<0.01). At the same time, the variance of the temperature in the peak viscosity, hold viscosity and final viscosity was significant (P<0.05).The variance of the treatment period in the setback viscosity was significant(P<0.01).The second, the complete diallel crossing was carried out utilizing the three male sterile line, BS210, BS20, BS366 and the five general breed, O201, Baiyu149, Fu3, Jingdong8, 86E22. The hybridized combination, F1 and the parents were planted in the ANHUIFUNAN and BEIJINGHAIDIAN respectively, according to the native normal date of seeding. The traits measured were as follows, protein content, kernel hardness, SDS-sedimentation, peak time, right slope, peak viscosity, hold viscosity, final viscosity, setback viscosity, breakdown viscosity. The data were analyzed by the quantitative character analysis software, QGAstation that was developed by ZhuJun from ZheJiang University. The results were as follows:1)The dominance genetic effect played an important role in the protein content, peak time and right slope, and the ratio of variance of dominance were largest, 35.8%, 10.9% and 10.6% respectively. The kernel hardness and SDS-sedimentation were effected by the additive effect, the ratio of variance of additive, 60% and 28.2% respectively. The variance component of the additive×environment in the protein and peak time was larger than other variance components. The effect of environment on the dominance genetic effect of right slope was large, and the effect of environment on the kernel was very week.2)The results for genetic variance components show, the additive variance components of peak viscosity, hold viscosity, final viscosity, setback viscosity and breakdown viscosity were largest, and the viscosity time dominance variance component did. In addition, these traits were effected by genetic effect×environment.