Introducing Division And Climatic Adaptability For Pinus. Ponderosa In China

Moderate introduction of superior foreign germplasm resources was favorable for China's ecological environment construction, because it could enrich the plant resources gene bank and the ecological diversity, genetics diversity, species superiority of plant variety. Pinus ponderosa was widely ranged in North America. Pinus ponderosa was a kind of superior plant resources for its rapid growth, adaptability, strong resistance and high economic value.In order to introduce Pinus ponderosa successfully, it is necessary to understand its biological and physiological characteristics, and the requirement on ecological environment.In this foundation, the environmental factors of source area and introducing area were analyzed and compared well, to determined the chance of success, and thusly brought appropriate measures to promote cultivation.Based on the theory of climatic analogues, 9 factors namely annual average temperature, annual heating degree day≥10℃, the lowest temperature, the highest temperature, average temperatures of the coldest month, average temperatures of the hottest month, annual precipitation, summer precipitation, annual sunshine hours, were chosen in the analysis for the introduction of P. ponderosa var. ponderosa.and P. ponderosa var. scopulorum. The weight of those factors were gave by analytical hierarchy process. The suitable climatic and ecological regions in China for introduction of P. ponderosa were divided by applying the analysis statistic method of similitude priority ratio.Ⅰ.The suitable climatic and ecological regions for introduction of P. ponderosa var. scopulorumIn this article, the suitable climatic and ecological regions for introduction of P. ponderosa var. scopulorum in China were divided by applying the analysis statistic method of Hamming distance similitude priority ratio. The main results are as follows:(1)The favorable regions including north of North China Plain, southwest of Liaoning and Heilongjiang, midland of Loess Plateau, Yining in Xinjiang province for their climate conditions are close to the source area.(2)The less favorable introducing areas are the extension of favorable regions which distributed at southeast of North China Plain, west of Liaoning, southeast of Heilongjiang, northwest of Jilin, west of Loess Plateau, part of northwest dry aeolian sand region, Wulumuqi in Xinjiang province. (3)The remaining areas were unfavorable because of the differences in climate conditions.Ⅱ.The suitable climatic and ecological regions for introduction of P. ponderosa var. ponderosaIn this article, the suitable climatic and ecological regions for introduction of P. ponderosa var. ponderosa in China were divided by applying the analysis statistic method of Euclidean fuzzy distance similitude priority ratio. The main results are as follows:(1) The favorable regions distributed at middle-east area of 40～45°N including west of Liaoning, north of North China Plain, Jin-Ji-Lu mountainous-hilly regions, midland of Loess Plateau, Yining and Kashi in Xinjiang province,Ganzi in Sichuan province.(2)The less favorable introducing areas distributed at northeast of Liaoning, north of Henan and Shandong, west of Gansu and southwest of Xinjiang, some areas in Chuanxi Plateau.(3)The remaining areas were unfavorable because of the differences in climate conditions.