Study On Disintegration Difference Of Chloroplast Density And Inclusion In The Flue-cured Tobacco Of Maturation Period

The main existing problems in our country tobacco production are as follows: thefragrant characteristic is not obvious; the amount of fragrant substances is notabundant and there is a lack of gentleness of the cigarette smoke. The ingredients offlue-cured tobacco chloroplasts have important influence to the chemicalcompositions of tobacco leaf, as were the organelle to synthesize the carbohydratesand the fragrant ingredients. And especially the chromoplast pigments such as thechlorophyll, the xanthophyl,β-carotene in the chloroplast are the main premisefragrant substances. Their degenerated productions, amount for as many asapproximately 100 kinds of fragrant substances, have tremendous influence to thequality of flue-cured tobacco flavor. Generally speaking, the more the contents ofchromoplast pigments in the flue-cured tobacco leaves, the better its fragrant makingsare, fragrant spirit foot, and such as the quality of flue-cured tobacco. Therefore,studies on the differences of the chloroplast ingredient contents and the chloroplastdecay rules of flue-cured tobacco have the vital significance to the breeding offlue-cured tobacco cultivars with good quality and of the research into chloroplastcompositions and physiological function in flue-cured tobacco and to theimprovement of the flue-cured tobacco quality.In this research, firstly, the complete chloroplast was prepared with mechanicalmethod, and materials were ripen leaves of middle and upper positions from eightflue-cured tobacco: Hongda, Yunyan85, Yunyan87, NC82, RG11, V2, K346 and Cuibiand the leaves in different maturing periods of K326. Then, the density of chloroplast,the contents of chlorophyll, the carotenoid and the proteins in chloroplast weredetermined with cytometry spectrophotometric method and high performence liquidchromatograph(HPLC). Variation analysis and multiple comparisons were alsoperformed based on the data. The results can be expected to provide experimentalbasis for the breeding of tobacco cultivars with high contents of latent fragrantsubstances, the right time of the leaves to harvest and for the research to decaymechanism of the chloroplasts.The main results in this research were showed as follows:1. A method that is suitable to acquire the complete chloroplasts in the flue-curedtobacco leaf during the maturing period was developed, which overcome the difficultof not being able to prepare complete chloroplasts within abundant starch in leaves offlue-cured tobacco at maturing period. And also it could be operated easily and conveniently. Besides, the chloroplasts acquired through this method were enough tomeet the demands of the research into chloroplast compositions and its physiologicalfunction in flue-cured tobacco.2. The chloroplast density, the content of the pigment and the proteins inchloroplast from ripen leaves in flue-cured tobacco of different varieties wereanalyzed and compared. The results showed that the chloroplast density and thecontent of protein and pigment were varying differently in a certain degree. Thecontent of pigment in chloroplast was the highest and protein was the lowest inHongda and NC82, which showed that Hongda and NC82 are varieties that fragrantmaterials and fragrant quality are higher. But, the content of protein in chloroplast washigher and the pigment was lower in Yunyan87 and Yunyan85, which showedYunyan87 and Yunyan85 are varieties that fragrant material and fragrant quality waslower. This discovery can provide references for cultivation selection seed of highquality flue-cured tobacco during flue-cured tobacco production, and withdraws thefragrant technology.3. The changes of the chloroplast density, the content of pigments and the proteinsin the chloroplast in the middle and upper leaves during the whole K326 maturingprocess were also studied. It revealed that the chloroplast density, the content ofpigments and the proteins in chloroplast all decreased gradually during the maturingprocess. This rule can provide experimental basis for the leaves of flue-cured tobaccoto harvest at the right time.