Effects Of Different Soil Moisture At Maturing Stage On Growth And Quality Of Flue-cured Tobacco

Pot-cultivation experiment was conducted to study the effects of different soil moisture at maturing stage on growth and quality of flue-cured tobacco with K326 and Yunyan 97 on sandy lome soil in Xuancheng of anhui province in 2009. The treatments respectively were:soil moisture relative capacity 40±5%: soil moisture relative capacity 60±5%; soil moisture relative capacity 70±5%; soil moisture relative capacity 80±5%. The results indicated that:1.Effects of different soil moisture on ultrastructures of flue-cured tobacco at maturing stageWhen soil moisture relative capacity was 40±5%,and the soil moisture was controlled after 10 days, plasmolysis occurred obviously in the palisade cells.When the soil moisture relative capacity was controlled after 15 days, chloroplasts and other organelles scattered in the palisade cells.As time increased, chloroplasts and other organelles scattered more messily than before; When soil moisture relative capacity was 60±5% or 70±5%, the palisade cells was normal;When soil moisture relative capacity was 70±5% and 80±5%,the volume was larger .When soil moisture relative capacity was 40±5%,the volume of starch granules and osmiophilic globules was the smallest and electronic density was strongest; When soil moisture relative capacity was 80±5%, the volume of starch granules were the biggest ,and the electronic density of osmiophilic globules was the weakest. When soil moisture relative capacity was 60±5% and 70±5%, there was little differences of the volume of starch granules in chorolast,and there were few osmiophilic globules .When soil moisture relative capacity was 60±5% and 70±5%, the membarane of mitochondria remained clear and intact.When soil moisture relative capacity was 40±5% and 80±5%, the membarane of mitochondria degraded severely and the quantity of mitochondria increased . The karyotheca disappeared more or less. When soil moisture relative capacity was 60±5% and 70±5%, the karyotheca was normal. When soil moisture relative capacity was 40±5% and 80±5% ,the karyotheca disappeared basically. When soil moisture relative capacity was 40±5%, the cell nuclear became pynotic.2.Effects of different soil moisture on chemical component of flue-cured tobacco at maturing stageSoil moisture had a big correlation with total sugar and total sugar of K346, and a small correlation with nicotine and reducing sugar.There was a obvious effect of different treatment of soil moisture to Potassium of different tobacco breed.In different parts of tobacco;There was a greast change in the potassium of middle leaf of K346 and lower leaves of Yunyan 97 ,which means that Potassium of middle leaves of K346 and lower leaves of Yunyan 97 most affected by soil moisture.3.Effects of different soil moisture on mineral elements of flue-cured tobacco at maturing stageThe effects of soil moisture relative capacity on mineral elements in three positions was different. It was found that the higher the soil moisture relative capacity ,the lower the Fe,Mn,P,Zn,Ca,Mg,B,Cu in upper leaves.The effect of soil moisture on Na was smaller.The results showed that the higher the soil moisture relative capacity,the lower the Fe,Ca,Mg,B,Cu,Na,P in middle leaves.i It was found that the higher the soil moisture relative capacity, the lower theFe,Mn,Zn,Ca,Mg,P in lower leaves.4.Effects of different soil moisture on petroleum ether extracts of flue-cured tobacco at maturing stageThe effects on different water treatments of tobacco petroleum ether in maturing stage was obvious.Compared with W1 and W4 ,the content of petroleum ether in W2 and W3 was relatively smaller;In W2 ,the content of upper leaves of Yunyan 97 reached the maximum;In W3,the content of upper leaves of upper leaves reached the maximum.It is possible that different tobacco varieties has t different needs of moisture content, which resulted differences in petroleum ether in different moisture contents .5.Effects of different soil moisture on content of neutral aroma constituents of flue-cured tobacco at maturing stageWhen the relative soil moisture content was 40±5%, the total amount of kinds of aroma constituents were the lowest; When the relative soil water content was 60±5%,in the middle leaves of yunyan 97 and K346,the content of the dissolutions of carotene ,phenylalanines , browning reaction procucts and cembrane reached the maximum;when the field water holding capacity of 60±5%, the content of the degrading products of neoplytadiene and other aroma components in yunyan 97 reached the maximum;when the field water holding capacity of 70±5%, the content of the degrading products of neoplytadiene and other aroma components in K346 reached the maximum.