| Theileriosis is widespread among sheep and goats in semi-agricultural and semi-herd area in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Region. There are plenty of sheep and goats die of this disease every year, and it results in inestimably loss. In this assay, the epidemiology of theileriosis in seven Counties and one City of Gannan Tibetan autonomous region was investigated by traditional examining methods, which includes epidemic season, tick vectors, infective rates, morbidity and mortality, et al. The results demonstrated that the disease existed in Luqu, Xiahe, Zhuoni, Lintan, Diebu and Maqu County, while Zhouqu is an exception. The major vector of the disease has been confirmed to be Heamaphysalis Qinghaiensis. The outbreak season is March to June and September to October. The exotic sheep and goats appeared higher morbidity and mortality, which the morbidity and mortality are 60.8% and 81.48% for sheep, while 40% and 85.71% for goats, even sometimes the mortality could be 100% for exotic sheep and goats. Relatively speaking, the jeopardizing to local animals is relatively weak, and the morbidity and mortality for sheep are 17.12% and 65.83%, while 8.06% and 73.33% for goats. The subclinical infection rates for lambs of sheep and goats are 91.07% and 64.29% respectively, while 63.16% and 20.00% for the adult sheep and goats.Through observing 95 both natural and artificial infected animals, the clinical symptom and pathogenic changes were summarized up, which showed the major symptoms of the disease are fever, usually febris acmastica, superficial lymph node swollen. In the later phase of the disease, the petechia can be found under tail, in the wall of the fore-legs and hind legs. The infected animals show serious aneamia, and decreasing of the heamocytoes can be checked by microscopical examination, meanwhile heamoglobin is decreasing too, and the blooding petechia can be seen on the cutting surface of the parenchymatous organ and lymph nodes.Through investigation of 1166 parts of sera samples from 7 towns of 3 counties by ELISA technique, it shows that the positive rates of the samples were between 27.78% and 83.33%, and the average infection rates was 70.07%(817/1166). Furthermore, the positive rates of Nanyu and Bazang Town of Zhouqu County are 0(0/60). Forty four animals was fixed to collect sera monthly from July of 2005 till June of the 2006 at Biandu Town of the Lintan County, where is one of the disease seriously epidemic area, and the antibody dynamic was evaluated by ELISA. The results showed that the titer of antibody started to increase from March, and reached the peak of 68.18% in May and June, then started to decrease in July. Another little peak can be seen in November. The lowest value can be reached 36.36% in January.The comparison for efficiency of the ticks eliminating medicines and theileriosis therapy medicines have done and the results showed that long term Alijia injection and Meipilinyou have the best efficiency, and their average efficient period are 44 days and 36 days. The morbidity of sheep and goats could decrease by 5.00% and 2.86% after the tick control. The best chemical medicines for treating theileriosis are Haojiami, Chongkexin injection and Jiaochongjing, and the efficiency are 92.31%, 90.63% and 90.48% respectively. The mode of integrate control of the disease has been instituted according to the ready epidemiological data, which will benefit the development of the sheep and goats raising industry in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Region. |
