Study On Water Consumption Of Five Ornamental Landscape Species In Beijing

To provide the Theoretical Foundation for irrigation of green spaces,and then improve blind and extensive irrigation management of green spaces now, this thesis have been focused on tests of potted seedlings including 4 shrubs such as Ligustrum x vicaryi, Euonymus japonicus, Buxus micmphylla, Berberis thunbergii cv.atropurpurea and one grass Poa pratensis .In the end, we got the water- consuming laws of these plants in the different weather conditions,different surfaces and different light conditions, disclosed the difference of the water consumpotion of different plants,built up 10 relationship model between water consumption and dominant environmental factors .The following is the main results obtained in this research:It is the primary purpose of this work to provide information about the water consumption depended on the different season of all kinds of species. With sufficient water supply, Euonymus japonicus belongs to high-water consumption in spring and autumn, Ligustrum x vicaryi and Buxus micmphylla belongs to high-water consumption in summer. The WUE of Buxus micmphylla is the highest one of these plants. The daily water consumption rate of Euonymus japonicus is 0.7829 kg·m^-2 ·d^-1 in Spring and 0.6732 kg·m^-2·d^-1 in Autumn. The daily water consumption rate of Ligustrum x vicaryi is 0.9186 kg·m^-2·d^-1 in Summer, The daily water consumption rate of Buxus micmphylla in Spring and Autumn are the 44%,55% of the rateof Summer.With sufficient water supply, the average annual water consumption of 4 shrubs have been compared.Ligustrum x vicaryi is 563.71g·m^-2d^-1, Euonymus japonicus is 511.07g·m^-2d^-1, Buxus micmphylla is 202.25g·m^-2d^-1, Buxus micmphylla is the low-water consumption species,obviously less than the others.The influence of environmental factors on trees transpiration is analyzed. With sufficient water supply, stomatal conductance have a strong influence on transpiration speed of all kinds of species, while sun radiation, relative humidity and temperature have relatively weak influence on transpiration speed. but transpiration speed is strongly influenced by summer weather in summer.10 Optimal models of transpiration speed and environmental factors are created.Overshadowing can reduce WUE of plants, The WUE of Euonymus japonicus, Ligustrum x vicaryi Buxus microphylla and Berberis thunbergii cv.atropurpurea, in Overshadowing decreased by 84%, 82.3%,38.1%,24.1% than in full sunshine.Buxus microphylla is drought enduring plant.can survive a longer time under the drought environment. The drought resistance of Ligustrum x vicaryi is lowest in the 4shrubs, but the recovery capability of Ligustrum x vicaryi is highest.Through the water consumpotion research of hard surface and grass surface,we have drawn a conclusion that the water consumpotion of Ligustrum x vicaryi Euonymus japonicus on the grass is more than on the hard surface,but Buxus microphylla and Berberis thunbergii cv.atropurpurea are just on the contrary.Using self-made evapotranspirometer, we have measured and calculated the water consumption of Poa pratensis in different light conditions in eyery growing season. The daily water consumpotion of spring, summer and autumn under full sunshine are 2906.05g·m^-2·d^-1, 4582.45 g·m^-2·d^-1 ,7179.57g·m^-2·d^-1.And this can provide the theoretical bases for Establishing the System of irrigation of green spaces.During two years observation, some advanced instruments such as Li-6400 Portable Photosynthesis System,Field Soil Moisture Measurement and SEC are used. In addition, in order to obtain precise data there are 3～5 parallel tests for each test project integrating with long time-span observation and multitemporal observation.This thesis have been focused on tests of Shrub species of the Landscaping, have known the Water Consumption Characteristic of 4 Shrubs and 1 grass and Calculated the daily and annual water consumption of different Allocation Pattems. All these results have the Guiding Significance on practice.