The Effect Of No-tillage Mulching On Physiological Trait And The Yield And Quality Of Spring Wheat

To estimate the effect of no-tillage mulching on the crop in xinjiang,we selected the Mid-gluten spring wheat Xinchun6 to study the changes of the dry matter accumulation and partition characters during wheat grain filling and the changes of the soil physicochemical properties characteris, physiological, yield and quality. The results were as follows:The no-tillage mulching treaments were favorable for dry matter accumulation while extended leaf function time. When the mulching amount ranged from 1800 kg/hm~2 to 5400 kg/hm~2, the higher mulching amount was,the much dry matter accumulation amount was.The effect of stubble mulching on the partition percentage in each organs was smaller in the process of accumulation of dry matter.Proper stubble mulch amount can enhance grain yield which increased due to the accumulation of photosynthale during seed filling .The soil moisture of which from 0 cm to 40 cm was enhanced while drained upper limit was reduced. After stubble mulching, the higher mulch amount was , the higher soil moisture was, and the lower test weight was, the drained upper limit of treatment which was mulched by 5400 kg/hm~2 was higher than that mulched by 1800 kg/hm~2, then that of Conventional Tillage was lowest. Stubble mulch can increase the amount of soil microorganism, nitrogen-fixing bacteria , fine-air cellulosic and hate-air cellulosic bacteria.All these increased while straw mulch increasing. There is much more amount of microorganism in 0-10cm soil layer than that in 10-20cm soil layer .During grain filling, the higher stubble mulch amount was , the higher activity of NR in flag leaf was, that with the treatment under the stubble mulching amount which was 5400 kg/hm2 increased , and came to the highest in 21 days afer anthesis, also its time continued was longest,the NRA of other treatments came to the highest in 14 days afer anthesis.The chlorophyll in flag leaf changed as a curve with single prek, it showed a change: low-high-low, and came to the highest in 14 days after anthesis. The stubble mulching can enhanced the chlorophyll content in the flaf leaf and the leaf area index remarkly, the chlorophyll content enhanced when the mulch amount increased at the grain mature stage.The yield of spring wheat with mulching increased significantly and the higher mulching amount was, the higher yield and increasing production range was. The yield of spring wheat with 5400kg/hm~2 mulching amount is 5351kg/hm~2 ,the increasing production range was 23.2%.The no-tillage stubble mulching can improve the economic characteristic of spring wheat, enhanced the effective panicles per plant and graina per panicle,and also 1000-grain weight were enhanced.The stubble mulching enhanced the grain content,while that of the treatment under the 1800kg/hm~2 amount,also can the mulch enhance the gluadin and gluten,both them of wheat with mulching were: NM2>NM1>NM3>CT.All these were value to improve the quality . Mulching can decrease the grain starch amount, improve the amylase to amylopectin ratio, the highest increasing range was that under the mulching treatment with 3600 kg/hm~2 amount.