Study On The Biological Trait And The Formation Of Main Economic Character Of Cumin (Cuminum Cyminum L.)

With the aid of open country observance on-the-spot, biostatistics,normal regulation paraffin techniques etc., the morphological character, biological character, yield component, fruit morpha and dissection, the formation of volatile oil and seed vigor were studied, the main results in this report are as follows:1. There were very significant correlation between single plant yield and the number of compound umbels, umbellules, branches, effective branches, seed number per plant and thousand kernel weight , their correlation coefficients were 0.9040^**, 0.8860^**, 0.8409^**, 0.8336^**, 0.8659^** and 0.3925^** respectively.2. The results of path analysis indicated that plant height, No. of branches, seed number per plant and thousand kernel weight were important factors for single plant yield , and the direct effects of seed number per plant and thousand kernel weight were stronger than that of plant height and No. of branches.3. The plant height, No. of compound umbel, branch, effective branch, second growth, third growth, seed number per plant, thousand-grain weight and single plant yield were decreased with the density increasing generally. The relation between No. of first order branch and plant density wasn't prominent; the yield of 2.2 million plant per hm² was the highest, and the plant's individual vigor of 2.2 million plant per hm² was also obvious; the first order branch did the strongest contributions to yield of single plant.4. Dry matter was mainly translated into fructus in the process of becoming mature, about 60% of total, to next was cauloma and ramus, about 37%, to last was radix.5. The process of the formation of volatile oil in fruit can be divided into three stages: development stage, isolation stage, and disintegration stage; the endocrina structure of the fruit was lysigenous secretory canel.6. There was prominent difference in the germination indexes of cumin seed that had been stored for different time. Being treated with 30% PEG, 50mg/L GA₃, a certain concentration of NaHCO3 and Hydration-Dehydration treatment, could increase germination indexes obviously of the cumin seed which had a low germination.