Effects Of Copper And Cadmium Stress On Growth And Grain Yield Of Winter Wheat And Its Alleviating Meansures

Effects of stress of copper, cadmium on growth, physiological metabolism and yield in winter wheat were studied with Yumai70(a mid gluten wheat cultivar) in a potted plant culture experiment, at the meantime, effects of adjust of applying sulfur and organic fertilizers for stress of copper,cadmium were studied also, The main results were as follows:1. Effects of stress of copper and cadmium reduced the tillers, plant height and LAI of wheat obviously, and the fall range increased with increasing of concentration of copper and cadmium. The NR activity, soluble protein content and soluble carbohydrate content in flag leave were reduced with increasing of concentration of copper and cadmium. It was show that the stress of copper, cadmium hindered seed sink from transforming and utilizing carbohydrate.2. With stressing of copper and cadmium, the MDA content in flag leave increased and SOD, CAT activity in flag leave declined. It's showed that stress of copper and cadmium caused the ROS metabolism in plant overbalanced and the oxidation degree aggravated in the cell membrane and the ability of clearup ROS of antioxidase in plant declined, thus speed-up the plant became effete.3. Stress of Cu and Cd reduced the amounts and remobilization rate of pre-anthesis stored assimilates and total amount of pre-anthesis stored assimilate. Effects of Cu₂,Cd₂ treatments on that of leaf and Cu₃,Cd₂ treatments on that of stalk and sheath and total amount were maximum, The amounts of pre-anthesis stored nitrogen and nitrogen accumulation in grain were reduced with increasing of the concentration of copper and cadmium.4. Stress of copper and cadmium reduced amylopectin content and total starch content in grain, and total starch content reduced with increasing of the concentration of Cu and Cd. Compared with CK, the maximum reduce extent of total starch content of Cu was 13.7% (Cu₃) and that of Cd was 16.4%(Cd₃), and reached 5% and 1% significant levels respective. The Protein content of Cu, Cd treatments declined with increasing of concentration of copper and cadmium, but difference of treatments was small.