Screening Of Microbial Community Capable Of Removal Of Ammonia And It's Appication In Windrow Composting Of Cattle Manure

A genetic stability microbial community CC-E capable of removal of ammonia was enriched from compost samples with the technique of the restrictive culture. The microbial diversity was investigated using the methods of plating and 16S rDNA clone technology. The optimum cultural conditions of the microbial community were investigated. The effects of inoculation of CC-E on temperature, water content, pH, the contents of total-N, NH₄⁺-N, NO₃^--N and NH₃ emission were measured during the windrow composting of cattle manure.The quality of NH₃ emission was reduced to 66.3% after inoculation the first 20 days, compared with the control. The results of single factor analysis and orthogonal analysis of cultural conditions showed that the optimum growth conditions of microbial community were 10% of inoculation quantity, temperature 30℃and initial pH 7.0 to 9.0.The microbial diversity of microbial community CC-E was analyzed by plating and 16S rDNA clone technology. The results showed that CC-E was composed with Serratia sp., Alcaligenes sp., Sphingomonas sp. and uncultured compost bacterium. Three bacterial isolates were obtained though methods of plating and named CC-E-1, CC-E-2 and CC-E-3. The NH₃ emission of those bacterial isolates using the cattle manure as the material were 23.1%, 29.0% and 54.2%. Therefore the microbial community played a variety of microbial synergy functions to remove ammonia, and it had a high microbial diversity. The results indicated that CC-E-1/CC-E-2/CC-E-3 was the best combination and the quality of NH₃ emission was reduced to 61.5%.Effect of microbial community CC-E as a kind of inoculant on the composting process was evaluated in the experiment. The temperature and water content of compost heap under treatment of microbial inocula CC-E and control had no significant change, but the pH of compost heap was reduced. The content of T-N and NO₃^--N under the treatment of CC-E were more than 5.8% and 52.5%, and the content of NH₄⁺-N and NH₃ emission were less than 64.2% and 60.7%, at the end of composting, compared of control, respectively. This indicated that microbial community CC-E can be used as inoculum to eliminate NH₃ and reduce N loss in the factory of composting treatment.