The Seasonal Variations Of Primary Defense Protain Activities And Phenolic Acids Concentrations In Phellodendron Amurense Rupr

P. amurense is a broad-leaved trees Rutaceae, mostly distributed in the northern of China. Owing to the needs of traditional Chinese medicine and modern pharmaceutical, wide P. amurense resources have been seriously damaged, and it has been listed as plant under state second class protection. Reported in previous studies, they are suffered a serious pests, who affect the normal growth of trees. Therefore, the study of the P. amurense defense mechanism is particularly important. At present, much have been done in the field of medicinal ingredients to P. amurense, but lack the research on relationship, that between gender, stand age, health condition, spatial location or growth period and pest or disease control in the view of chemical ecology or plant physiology or ecology. The article studied systemically the distribution of the defense proteins in plants, and the differences in gender, stand age, health condition and seasonal variation of the defense proteins and phenolic acids, the objective was to explore constitute resistance defense mechanism in plants, and to provide some basic data for the conservation and utilization of plant resources. The results showed as follows,1. The differences of defense protein activities in healthy and injured P. amurense trees under different growth periodThe activities of defense proteins were tested with the application of UV-spectrophotometric method, and to analyze the differences of defense protein activities in healthy and injured trees under different growth period. The result indicated that, the activities of defense proteins all showed July> August> June, and the differences were significantly between different months, however the differences of defense protein activities were not significant between healthy and injured plants(besidcs POD activity in leaves was significant difference in July).2. The spatial variations of defense protein activities in female and male P. amurense trees under different stand agesIn the three measured parts, protective enzyme and PPO activities in female all shows the highest is branches, leaves the second, fruits the lowest, and protective enzyme and PPO activities in male branches all were significant higher than the activities of leaves; PAL activities in female all shows the highest is fruits, branches the second, the leaves lowest, and PAL activities in male leaves all were significant higher than the activities of branches; TI activities in female all shows the highest is leaves, branches the second, fruits the lowest, and TI activities in male branches all were significant higher than the activities of leaves. Protective enzyme and defensive enzyme activities in female were significant higher than the activities in male, however TI activity in female was significant lower than the activity in male; defense protein activities in 37-year-old trees were significant higher than the activities in 56-year-old trees.3. The seasonal variations of phenolic acids concentrations in healthy and injured P. amurense leaves under different stand agesThe contents of phenolic acids in leaves of were recognized by using HPLC, and to analyze the seasonal variations of phenolic acids concentrations in healthy and injured P. amurense leaves under different stand ages, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, P-coumaric acid, salicylic acid, benzoic acid, phenylaetic acid, ferulic acid and cinnamic acid, even the kinds of phenolic acids in injured plant were all more than healthy. The results showed that the concentrations of total phenolic all presented a trend of July>August>June, and significant difference among different months; the concentrations of total phenolic were also significant differences between healthy and injured plant. In the three measured months, the concentrations of total phenolic in female tree were all significantly higher than those in male in three months, the concentrations of total phenolic were also significantly differences between different age.The results evidented that gender, stand age, spatial location and growth period evidently affected the expression and accumulation of defense proteins in P. amurense (P＜0.05), health condition has no significant impact to it; gender, stand age, health condition and growth period evidently affected the accumulation of phenolic acids in P. amurense leaves(P<0.05). The paper was the first and systematic study, which research the connection between gender, stand age, health condition, spatial location or growth period and plant defense capability, the results will house the department of scientific management and breeding good P. amurense trees, and provide a new theoretical basis for ecological control on Calophiya nigra, thus reduced the chemical damage to the environment. However, in this study, the activities of defense substances were no significant rules among different spatial location(part), which may be related to tree species characteristics, so it need further exploration on biometrics, and add the comparative analysis between health and injured in P. amurense, in order to provide a more reliable theoretical basis.