Effect Of Nutrient Uptake, Yield And Quality Of Tobacco Under Cropping

Cropping is a commonly seen cultivation technique in tobacco production. Continuous cropping seriously affects the plant development and tobacco quality. To investigate the appropriate cultivating methods and negative impacts of continuous cropping obstacles and to solve associated problems, we studied the nicotine contents, accumulation and distribution of tobacco plants continuously cropped for different years (i.e. 1, 3 and 5 years) under natural soil nutrients and regular fertilization conditions with random block design in the field of Yongsheng Township, Zhaozhou county, where tobacco cropping is very common in cultivation.The experiments carried out with 1,3,5 years of continuous cropping tobacco fields on chernozem, two treatments of without fertilizer (natural fertility) and the local normal fertilization were set for each cropping treatment , Conventional fertilization was N= 52.5kg.hm~2,N:P2O5:K2O=1:2:3. The purpose was to study the dynamic of dry matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, nicotine accumulation on different cropping, analyzed the different of cropping tobacco growth and nutrient absorption capacity. The results showed that:1.The flue-cured tobacco Dry matter accumulation in different cropping Time that Dry matter accumulation in different organs of tobacco plant was gradually decreased with the increase tobacco cropping year. In Natural fertility conditions, The 5-year crop tobacco dry weight of root that rapid accumulation delayed 2 weeks with 3 and 1 year crop. Roots, stems, upper leaves, middle leaves and lower leaf dry weight decreased 45.53% and 49.01%,21.63% and 36.97%,32.96% and 37.85%,17.47% and 27.23%,3.67% and 17.86%.Fertilization have Benefit to the different organs of tobacco plant dry weight increase. However, 5 years of continuous cropping tobacco roots, stems,upper leaves, middle leaves and lower leaf dry weight as 1 and 3 cropping heavy decreased 40.34% and 31.19%,35.34% and 28.85%,42.64% and 36.48%,18.06% and 14.27%,11.63% and 5.43%. Show That the cropping significantly inhibited the growth and dry matter accumulation of flue-cured tobacco, and with the cropping time increased degree of inhibition increased.2. Under natural fertility Nitrogen accumulation in tobacco organs gradually increased with the growth of the delay, Nitrogen accumulation reduced with the increased continuous cropping number of years. 5 years crop tobacco nitrogen accumulation in roots, stems, lower leaves, middle leaves, upper leaves lower than the 1,3 years crop51.18% and 47.91%,34.11% and 23.72%,14.56% and 12.58%,3.27% and 0.72%,28.21% and 7.59%,After fertilization decreased 41.36% and 37.86%,37.92% and 29.48%,11.95% and 13.91%,6.77% and 4.33%,29.66% and 12.52%.Nitrogen use efficiency in 1,3,5 crop flue-cured tobacco respectively 40.78%,40.30%,29.37%. The results show that the cropping tobacco cultivation severely reducing the absorption of various organs and accumulation of nitrogen, And N use efficiency decreased significantly. With the growth period of the delay, tobacco total phosphorus showed a gradual increase in accumulation of changes, P accumulation in 5-year crop stubble lower than 1,3 years 36.43% and 34.14% under natural fertility,After fertilization is 32.75% and 30.16%,Show that 5 years of continuous cropping cultivation of tobacco has seriously affected the absorption of phosphorus. Accumulation of potassium in tobacco root stem and leaf With the growing period showed gradual increase in the delayed changes, Accumulation of post-harvest flue shown With the increase number of years of continuous cropping that reduced, there were significant differences between 1,3,5 years crop, K utilization 1,3,5, crop respectively 25.83%,23.72%,20.17%,Show that the cropping tobacco cultivation significantly reduced the absorption and utilization of potassium.3. The rapid accumulation of nicotine in different cropping years tobacco into different time periods, 5 years later than 1,3-years crop respectively 4 and 2 weeks. Nicotine accumulation in different organs of significant differences at harvest; Under natural fertility 5-year crop of the Lower middle and upper leaves Nicotine content lower than 1,3-years of crop 0.25% and 0.25%,1.00% and 0.77%,0.68% and 0.23%,Under conventional fertilization decreased 0.50% and 0.14%,0.97% and 0.79%,0.57% and 0.35%. Show that the cultivation of up to 5 years of continuous cropping significantly reduced nicotine content in tobacco leaves and reduce leaf quality.4. Cropping reduces the production of flue-cured tobacco, Output value and Quality and grade of tobacco leaf, In Natural fertility, 5 years of continuous cropping tobacco Respectively over 1 year and 3-year crop Output Yield, output value decreased 29.24% and 20.76%,55.68% and 31.80%,Fertilization were 27.10% and 21.52%,51.86% and 40.66%,Showed that 5 years of continuous cropping cultivation Seriously reduced the production and value of tobacco.Cropping tobacco reduces the cured tobacco leaf nicotine, potassium content, Increased the sugar and chlorine content, Lower leaf chemical quality.The smoking results showed that, Cropping reduces the amount of tobacco aroma quality and aroma, Overall rating scores decreased tobacco. Overall analysis of the test results show that, Cropping on Growth, Nutrient uptake and quality of cause significant adverse effects, The longer the continuous cropping, the more obvious adverse effects, Therefore, the proposed tobacco cropping can not exceed 3 years.