| Adiantum reniforme var. sinense Y. X. Lin, an evergreen perennial herb, belonging to the genus of Adiantum in Adiantaceae, is an economically and medicinal important plant species only in Wanzhou District and Shizhu County of Chongqing. It was used as herb-medicine before named buy Lin you-xing in the locality. In this paper, Adiantum reniforme var. sinense was used as raw material to botain total polysaccharides and flavones, and different extraction technologys of polysaccharides and flavonoids, their antioxidatant activity and antibacterial were studied. The above studied can provide some theory for the comprehensive development and utilization of Adiantum reniforme var. sinense. The main research contents and results are shown as follows:(1) The method of sulfuric acid-anthrone was optimized and used to mensurated of Adiantum reniforme var. sinense polysaccharides. The results showed that the method is convenient, accurate, stable and high recycle ratio.(2) These extraction technologys of hot water, microwave-assisted and ultrasonic-assisted for Adiantum reniforme var. sinense polysaccharides were compared. Based on single factor test, the orthogonal designed experiment was used to optimize the process parameter. The result showed that the optimum conditions of hot water extraction were as follows:ratio of solid to liquid 1:30, extraction temperature 80℃, extraction time 3.0h, and 95% ethanol. Under these conditions, the yield of crude polysaccharide was 3.16%; the optimal conditions of microwave-assisted extraction were as follows:rate of material to water 1:25, precipitation with 85% ethanol, extracting 2.0h as the tempeturate of 80℃, the yield of crude polysaccharide was 3.42%; the content of polysaccharide extracting by means of ultrasonic wave-assisted was 3.54% when tempeturate was 80℃, time was 30min, ultrasonic was 350W, and solid to liquid was 1:20. (3) Using ethanol as the extraction solvent, the flavones from Adiantum reniforme var. sinense were extraction by ultrasonic wave-assisted extraction, hot water-ethanol extraction, microwave-assisted extraction process.The optimum extraction conditions were confirmed by the single test and orthogonal test. The result suggest that:the most optimum extraction conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction process were extracting 1.0h at 80℃during the power of ultrasonic 350W with 85% ethanol as extraction solvent, on these optimum conditions, the content of flavones is 5.88%; the most advantage processing conditions of water-ethanol extraction were listed as follows:concentration of ethanol is 40%, proportion of ethanol and Adiantum reniforme var. sinense is 1:20, extracting 3.0h at 80℃, and the content is 3.34%; these optimum conditions of microwave-assisted extraction process were as follows, solid-liquid ratio 1:30, temperature 80℃, extracting 3.0h, ethanol concentration 60%. Under these conditions, the content of flavones is 5.45%.(4) Compared with contents of toatal polysaccharides and flavonoids in Adiantum reniforme var. sinense which were picked in different place, the result indicated that:the contents of polysaccharides in mao-er-ping are the highest, and the contents of polysaccharides which extracted from Adiantum reniforme var. sinense of idfferent sample plot had significant differences (P<0.05). The flavonoids contents of different sample plots were also different. There were significant differences (P<0.01) exiting in different ample plots, except mao-er-ping and ying-zui-ya. The contents of flavonoids in huo-shan-gou plot are the highest.(5) To compare the anti-oxidative activities in vitro of polysaccharides and flavonoids which were extracted by different extraction technologys from Adiantum reniforme var. sinense, the anti-oxidation of polysaccharides and flavonoids were evaluated by hydroxyl free radicals(·OH) generated by Feton reaction and scavenging activities of superoxide anion(O2-·) generated by pyrogallol autoxidation system.. The results showed that both of Adiantum reniforme var. sinense polysaccharides and flavonoids extracted by different extraction process had certain capacitys of scavenging hydroxyl free radicals and superoxide anion, and these scavenging effects showed obvious dose-effect relation.(6) The antimicrobial activites of polysaccharides and flavonoids which were extracted by different extraction processes from Adiantum reniforme var. sinense were surveyed through agar diffusion method. The results showed that:all of these polysaccharides extracted by differdnt extraction process had antimicrobial activities on Escherichia coli, Staphylococus aureus and Saocharomyces cerevisia, but the minimum inhibitory concentration had no significant difference. All of these flavonoids which extracted from Adiantum reniforme var. sinense by differdnt extraction process hadinhibitory effects to Escherichia coli and Staphylococus aureus, and didn't haveinhibitory to Saocharomyces cerevisia. |
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