Research And Development Of Intelligent Yield Monitor Mapping System For Corn

Crop yield is an important symbol of the economic benefits of farmers, an important factor of assessing agricultural productivity, and an important basis of guiding the scientific field management. Corn is one of the world's most widely-distributed crops, which is planted in most of areas in China. In China, corn yearly yield accounts for the second place in the world, only after the United States. Therefore, increasing corn yield is the key to improve the income of farmers and meet the national demands. According to the accurate, real-time information of corn yield of grid, the yield distribution map can be accomplished, which can be used to improve the ability of fields precision management and the effectiveness of decision-making measurement. That is the key technology of improving the corn yield. However, in most areas in China, the corn moisture content at the time of harvest is more than 30%, which can not be directly threshed, so corn yield and corn yield maps can not be obtained directly. In order to obtain the accurate, real-time information on corn yield in every grid, draw the yield map and timely understand the difference and distribution of corn yield between each grid, this paper developed a corn yield mapping system based on ARM920T-S3C2410 microprocessor in this paper.This paper has done some research on the development and practice of corn yield mapping system under the program of "Study on Variable Rate Fertilization, Spaying and Intelligent Yield Monitor Technology for Corn"(2006AA10A309-6) which was granted by the states 863 Program of "Research and Application of Precision Operating System for Corn" and under the program of "Study and Demonstration on Intelligent Yield Monitor System of Corn Ear Based on GPS/ PFA"(20091017)which belongs to Jilin University Graduate Innovation Plan. The research results are as follows:1) Establish the corn yield model. In this paper, the set of equipment for corn-harvest practice was built to establish the model used to detect the corn yield intelligently, by which the elevator speed was tested and selected while harvesting in the field. In October,2009, corn-harvest experiment under the conditions of harvester speed 2km/h and elevator speed 550r/min, was carried out in the experimental fields of Jilin Agricultural University in Changchun, using the equipment for corn-harvest practice. In the experiment, the corn ear yield was detected and recorded. By studying the relation between the recorded corn ear yield and the actual corn ear yield, the formula can be determined to predict the corn ear yield. Then, based on that formula and the corn ear-kernel transform formula, the corn yield model can be established.2) Build up the platform for developing yield mapping system. The ARM920T-S3C2410 microprocessor is chosen as the core of the yield mapping system, which builds up the hardware environment.And the customized WinCE operating system was chosen to build up the software development enrollment for yield mapping system.3) Design and develop the yield mapping system. After building up the hardware and software platform, the yield mapping system was completed by using EVC4.0 developing tool and C++language based on the modular program developing principle. The yield mapping system mainly included data input/output module, the yield conversion module, meshing module, the yield grid map gridding module, the legend editor module, yield data analysis module, the map operation modules and other components.4) Apply the corn yield mapping system. This corn yield mapping system is embedded in the yield monitor system in our lab and used for the corn harvest test in the experimental fields in Changchun Agricultural University in October,2010. The results showed that the yield mapping system can read the real-time information of corn ear yield and plots parameter information, calculate the corn yield,and draw the grid map, yield distribution map and yield histogram.The innovations of this paper are as follows:1) The corn yield model is established to predict the corn yield intelligently, in which the corn ear yield can be transferred into the corn yield in real-time.2) The corn yield mapping system was developed based on the ARM920T-S3C2410 microprocessor. It can be embedded in the yield monitor system and can accomplish the functions like reading and processing the real-time original data, recording the real-time corn yield, gridding the field, drawing the grid map, yield distribution map and yield histogram.