Research On The High Yield And Biodegradation Capability To Rice Straw Of Agaricus Bispous Cultivation

Agaricus bisporus is straw-rotten mushroom which is cultivated widly all over the word, total yield is the highest than others and the number of consumption is biggest, specifically the yield of it about 25% in the total yield of mushroom. In china, which is the biggest country in product, reproduct and export of Agaricus bisporus, the total number of china about 50% in the total yield of the world. At present, Agaricus bisporus cultivation have rural sideline style which is very original, household workshops, small scale, seasonal and et al, specifically, it contacts with season and climate closely, and its technology isn't standardized, have low yield and utilization of rice straw. To promot the cultivation of mushroom, straw utilization and the yield of mushroom, four contents as following in thesis researched:(1). Selective of Agaricus spp. spawn of rice straw degradation effectlyThe color-change experiment of Bavendamm plate and RB bright blue plate, it appeared AS2796 and A5 had higher lignin degradation enzymes activity than Ar, Az and A3; then showed AS2796 and A3 are spawns of selective cellulose while others are spawns of selective lignin fistly by color space and degradation test, however the lignin degradation amount of AS2796 is 39.82%, which is higest than others, like as A5 is 20.91% only, the conclusion of this showed the lignin degradation amount of spawn don't related with spawn whether selective degrade lignin firstly or not, then experiment appeared that the lignin degradation rate of AS2796 are the same as A5, finally AS2796 was selected as strain of cultivation in this paper.(2).Optimaization of AS2796 cultivation formulaIn this paper, AS2796 were cultivated using carbon and nitrogen ratio are 31.9,35.6,28.2 and 24.8 respectively. Results appeared that the time of mycelium covered totally of P1 is shortest and the yield of mushroom is highest than others, so P1 is optimal formula for AS2796 cultivation.(3).Research dicipline of rice straw biodegradation during AS2796 cultivationHemicellulose began to degrade during compost phase, it degradaton ratio is 20.00%, half of total degradation ratio; Cellulose began to degrade during mycelium growing phase,it degradation is 16.67%,and the same time hemicellulose was degraded 6.67% also; In the fruiting phase, lignin degradation almost 62.50%, cellulose's degradation ratio is 33.33%. The HC, CMC, LAC enzymes activity occured changes accordingly in three phase respectively. The result appeared that the lignin of rice straw occured significant degradation, but half of cellulose of rice straw still existed in it, then rice straw of mushroom cultivation should be thought as feed for poultry and other animals.(4).Structral analysis of rice straw biodegradation during AS2796 cutivationComparing with rice straw of CK and after compost, mycelium growing and fruiting phase, results showed that lignin complex's structure of rice straw just occurs some loose only; In the mycelium phase, infrared spectroscope showed that cellulose and hemicellulose occured some degadation, at the same time the abosoption peak of polysaccharide(894cm-1) enhanced significantly, this indicated that the degradation substance is polysaccharide mainly; In the fruiting phase the lignin complex broken almostly and the degradation substance are carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl, benzene and methoxy mainly, it indicated that the degradation way of lignin occured oxide fracture of Cα-Cβ,α-o-4 andβ-o-4, then became similar monomer substruct of lignin, secondly this substuct occured oxidative decarboxylation reaction of side chain and mathoxy substitution reaction that caused benzene ring was broken to ring ether, became chain hydrocarbon finally.