Sexual Hybridization Of Japanese Vina Pear And Measurement Of Its Fruit Composition

Japanese vine pear is a deciduous fruit tree, which belongs to Rosaceae, Malioideae Pyrus. It's relatively small but has strong disease resistance. Its fruit is a kind of improved variety with higher goods and economic value with its characteristics such as beautiful external appearance, shape and tidy, individual large texture and sweet juicy.In this experiment, Japanese vine pear was used as the object of study, and the modern cultivation techniques, sexual hybridization, and fruit ingredients measurement specifically studied Japanese vine pear was grafted with Japanese vine pear branches of from pear nursery in Tottori University as scion and honey pear seedlings as rootstock. Grafted seedlings were planted in pear orchards for the experimental study. The results were as follows:(1):Modern cultivation techniques were used to build a high-tech opera, and extensive management was changed to intensive management. Grafted seedlings were planted in the experimental base, and in the first 2 years after planting reproductive growth was controlled to stimulate its nutrient growth. Pruning was cut by cross-type, only a layer of main branch left. In the Pear Orchard cement piles were buried with distance of 2.4m and built steel frame between them to carry on the cultivation. Legendary straw on surface cover could improve the pear orchard microclimate, increase the surface energy, improve soil fertility, conserve soil and water, and create a better environment for growth.(2):Used Kisui, Hosui, Huanghua and honey pear as male parent, Japanese vine pear as female parent, and artificial pollination rate as control, to statistically analyze the artificial pollination rate of different male parent varieties when the fruit was about 1cm in diameter. The artificial pollination rate of hybridization with different male parents was ordered from high to low as follows:Kisui 94.1%, Hosui 93.4%, honey pear 89.6%,Huanghua50.3%. Japanese vine pear self-pollination rate was only 8.6%, which was far away from of commercial production requirements. Using Kisui, Hosui, Huanghua and honey pear as male parent could be considered to increase fruit yield.(3):Japanese vine pear had good characteristics, such as a great number of flowers,, large amount of pollen and pollen germination rate was 85.4%, so it could be planted as a pollination tree. Experimental results showed:there was a pollen germination rate of 63.8% after a 10d preservation under the condition of room temperature and air relative humidity of 20%; there was a pollen germination rate of 72.9% after a 360d preservation under the condition of-20℃and air relative humidity of 20%; there was a pollen germination rate of 84.2% under the condition of-196℃, which was stable basically. Thus, Japanese vine pear not only could provide pollen for varieties with a later or same flowering but also can make it for earlier flowering Japanese vine pear.(4):Japanese vine pear fruit ingredients measurement results showed that: Japanese pear fruit vine had features as larger individuals, the average fruit weight up to 254.4g, small stones, fruit texture, rich fruit juice, sweet and sour taste. Japan vine pear fruit had soluble solids content of 17.8%. Total carbohydrate, sucrose, fructose and glucose contents were 84.68×103,8.59×103,63.44×103,5.86×103 mg/kg respectively, among which 74.92% of fructose and 6.92% of glucose could be directly absorbed. Cellulose content is 0.31% of the fresh fruit, and vitamin C content was 48.61 mg/kg. In addition, the fruit was rich in mineral elements of potassium (K), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn),and the content of them in Japanese vine pear were 1052.41 mg/kg, 19.73 mg/kg,102.86 mg/kg,15.82 mg/kg,11.81 mg/kg,9.41 mg/kg,1.16mg/kg, 1.43mg/kg respectively.