Study On Ecological Properties Of Photosynthesis And Application Of Eight Ground Cover Plants In Landscape Gardenning

Zephyranthes candida,Verbena hybrida,Hosta plantaginea,Sasa fortunei,Lysimachia christinae , Ophiopogon japonicus var. Variegata , Ophiopogon japonicus, Vinca major cv. Variegate are eight ground cover plants which have high potential value in the landscape gardenning. At home and abroad, the research of these trees focused on breeding, extermination of disease, insect pest, component analysis, Resistance and biochemical, but their eco-physiology characteristics, suitable environment of growth and the cultivated mode in the landscape gardening are still were unknow. This research studied systematically ecological properties of photosynthesis of these trees. Then analysised their shade endurance and drought resistance, and probe into the cultivated mode in the landscape gardening.After the research of photosynthetic physiology characteristics, the results showed as following:1. Under controlles conditions which set up gradient of photosynthetically active radiation with redblue source, and draw light curve of eight ground cover plants. Based on the analysis of these light curve, the result is that: the light compensation point of Zephyranthes candida was approximately 35.44μmol·m^-2·s^-1 and the light saturation point was 800μmol·m^-2·s^-1, the light compensation point of Verbena hybrida was approximately 43.71μmol·m^-2·s^-1 and the light saturation point was 1800μmol·m^-2·s^-1, the light compensation point of Hosta plantaginea was approximately 35.49μmol·m^-2·s^-1 and the light saturation point was 600μmol·m^-2·s^-1, the light compensation point of Sasa fortunei was approximately 25.20μmol·m-2·s^-1 and the light saturation point was 800μmol·m^-2·s^-1, the light compensation point of Lysimachia christinae was approximately 31.38μmol·m^-2·s^-1 and the light saturation point was 1000μmol·m^-2·s^-1, the light compensation point of Ophiopogon japonicus var. Variegata was approximately 28.05μmol·m^-2·s^-1 and the light saturation point was 1200μmol·m^-2·s^-1, the light compensation point of Ophiopogon japonicus was approximately 48.90μmol·m - 2·s - 1 and the light saturation point was 1200μmol·m^-2·s^-1, the light compensation point of Vinca major cv. variegata was approximately 36.35μmol·m^-2·s^-1 and the light saturation point was 1000μmol·m^-2·s^-1.2. According to the diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate of the eight ground cover plants in summer, the results showed that: Sasa fortunei and Vinca major cv. Variegate presented the one peak curve type in spring and autumn, double-peak curve type in summer. Zephyranthes candida, Verbena hybrida, Hosta plantaginea, Lysimachia christinae, Ophiopogon japonicus var. Variegata and Ophiopogon japonicus presented the double-peak curve type in all these three season.3. The light utilization efficiency of Zephyranthes candida in spring, summer and autumn was 0.52%, 2.90% and 0.38%.The light utilization efficiency of Verbena hybrida in spring, summer and autumn was 0.72%, 1.99% and 0.46%. The light utilization efficiency of Hosta plantaginea in spring, summer and autumn was 4.27%, 0.52% and 0.47%. The light utilization efficiency of Sasa fortunei in spring, summer and autumn was 0.35%, 0.76% and 0.33%. The light utilization efficiency of Lysimachia christinae in spring, summer and autumn was 2.90%, 1.85% and 0.78%. The light utilization efficiency of Ophiopogon japonicus var. Variegata in spring, summer and autumn was 0.44%, 0.53% and 0.26%. The light utilization efficiency of Ophiopogon japonicus in spring, summer and autumn was 0.62%, 0.53%å’Œ0.59%. The light utilization efficiency of Vinca major cv. Variegate in spring, summer and autumn was 1.55%,0.67% and 0.53%. In spring, Hosta plantaginea, Lysimachia christinae, Ophiopogon japonicus and Vinca major cv. Variegate has the hightest utilization efficiency, and the follow is summer except Ophiopogon japonicus.4. The water use efficiency of Zephyranthes candida in spring, summer and autumn was 2.453,2.187 and 3.336μmol CO₂·mmol^-1 H₂O. The water use efficiency of Verbena hybrida in spring, summer and autumn was 3.408,1.927 and 2.667μmol CO₂·mmol^-1 H₂O. The water use efficiency of Hosta plantaginea in spring, summer and autumn was 0.594,1.476 and 4.239μmol CO₂·mmol^-1 H₂O. The water use efficiency of Sasa fortunei in spring, summer and autumn was 2.351,1.206 and 1.565μmol CO₂·mmol^-1 H₂O. The water use efficiency of Lysimachia christinae in spring, summer and autumn was 2.187,1.6517 and 4.278μmol CO₂·mmol^-1 H₂O. The water use efficiency of Ophiopogon japonicus var. Variegata in spring, summer and autumn was 2.704,0.925 and 3.799μmol CO₂·mmol^-1 H₂O.The water use efficiency of Ophiopogon japonicus in spring, summer and autumn was 3.156,1.933å’Œ4.467μmol CO₂·mmol^-1 H₂O.The water use efficiency of Vinca major cv. variegata in spring, summer and autumn was 3.795,2.125 and 4.211μmol CO₂·mmol^-1 H₂O. In spring, Verbena hybrida and Sasa fortunei has the hightest water use efficiency, and the follow is autumn and summer. In autumn, Zephyranthes candida, , Hosta plantaginea, Lysimachia christinae, Ophiopogon japonicus var. Variegata, Ophiopogon japonicus and Vinca major cv. Variegate has hightest water use efficiency except Hosta plantaginea.5. Sasa fortunei is darkadapted which has high level of shade tolerance, and can not adapt high illumination, it also has low level of drought resistance. It is can planting in the edge of forest, road and pool. Zephyranthes candida and Hosta plantaginea can suitable for low illumination, and can not adapt high illumination, it also has low level of drought resistance. It is can planting in the edge of forest, road and the side of the building. Ophiopogon japonicus var. Variegata can both suitable for low and high illumination, and belong to the shade-loving plants. It can cultivate in lawn and the edge of the forest. Lysimachia christinae and Vinca major cv. Variegate can not suitable for low illumination and also can not adapt high illumination. It can plant in the rock garden, waterfront and the side of rode. Verbena hybrida and Ophiopogon japonicus is suitable for ample illumination, so it could pant in sunlight with full exposure. It can cultivate in the lawn and parterre.