Comparative Analysis Of Yield And Yield Components Of Rice Varieties In Jilin Province

This study was used the 161 bred rice varieties registered in Jilin province in the year of 2002-2009 of rice yield as test materials (not including glutinous rice varieties, the black rice varieties and species identified),Through analyzing the phenotypic value of these varieties'seven yield components that they showed in the regional test, the average yield and plant height, number of panicle, grain number per panicle, seed setting rate,1000 grains weight, ear length and grain density,the relationship of growth yield and yield components of the four types of rice which are different in growth stages in Jilin Province,the Mid-early maturity varieties,the medium maturity varieties,the middle-lately maturity varieties and the late-maturities varieties were researched. This paper shows the relationship between yield and yield traits of different growth stages using correlation analysis and principal component analysis method. Combined with a large area of Jilin Province cultivars analysis of yield and yield components, designed to clear the main direction of improving varieties and the emphasis of high yield growth..一,The yields shows wavy increase of the same growth varieties approved over time, the yield character of long period growth is high. The varieties registered are diversified by the analysis from phenotypic value, the diversity of rice meet the requirements of the diversity of rice production, while reducing the rice blast and other pests and cold damage to the rice production in Jilin Province.二,Yield and correlation with the yield analysis in differents species in the year of 2002-2009 shows that:Mid-early maturing varieties in yield and grain number, grain density,1000 grain weights was not significantly correlated; productive ear number,grain number and grain density was significantly negatively correlated.Improving the yields of mid-early maturing varieties mainly depends on the number of grain number, grain density plays an role of improving the yield indirectly.To the medium maturity varieties,The yields and grain density of was significantly correlated with grain number was significantly positively correlated;yield and 1000 grain weights significantly negatively correlated;the relation among the yields correlation is more complex, the effects between components is correlative to effective ear number. Breeding high-yield varieties of medium maturity play an important role to other components choice under the premise of paying attention to effective ear number.The yield, effective ear number and ear length of the middle lately maturity varieties was significantly positively and there is no correlation between grain number.Plant height and ear length was positively correlated, significantly negative with ripening rate. Noting the improvement on the yield of middle-lately maturity varieties relies mainly on plant height by increasing the biomass to achieve.To the late-maturing varieties,The yield only a significant positive correlation with grain weight, and there is bigger number of grains per panicle correlated with grain density there is bigger negative. Plant height and ear length was significantly positively correlated. Late-maturing varieties of grain weight and yield choose to pay attention to the central role of the number of grains per panicle.三,The main component analysis of yield components shows that:the factors of mid-early maturity varieties more contributed to yield is:ear number> ripening rate>ear length>plant height, the cumulative contribution rate is 86.01245%;the factors of the medium maturity varieties contributed to yield is:grain density>ripening rate>plant height>ear length, the cumulative contribution rate is 89.5342%;the factors of the middle-lately maturity varieties contributed to yield is:grain density>ear length> productive ear number>ripening rate, the cumulative contribution rate is 88.1663%; the factors of late-maturities varieties contributed to yield is:grain density>ear length>ripening rate>plant height, the cumulative contribution rate is 90.7365%.四,Reference to the average result of regional tests of different growth varieties, yielding a large area under cultivar yield shows that:the current high yield breeding of rice in Jilin Province, the result is not obvious by reducing the plant length, increasing the productive ear number, choosing the ear number varieties. Further increasing the yield should consider the appropriately increasing the height and ear number and ear length, selecting the varieties of appropriate grain density, so reducing the influence that the grain is too large for plump grain rate and 1000 grain weights; focus by increasing the height to compensate the effect of reduce of productive ear number to biological yield.