Study On Pathogenicity Of Acute Respiratory Tract Infection In Huludao City From 2014 To 2015

Objective Acute respiratory tract infection(ARI) is a common disease of children and adults, is China and the world of the main cause of the incidence and death of infectious diseases.Cause of acute respiratory infections(ARI) the main pathogen for virus. In each age stage can cause respiratory tract infections, including influenza virus, syncytial virus and adenovirus. Acute respiratory infections(ARI) clinical symptoms can never manifest until life-threatening infection.Respiratory tract infection to social and family health cause great economic burden, and become a global public health problem. Ttrachea and upper respiratory tract cells most of influenza virus infection, few detected in the lower respiratory tract, the clinical symptom of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Clinical features of nonspecific lower respiratory tract infection in most patients such as cough, dyspnea, sputum, fever, chest pain, muscle pain, chills, abdominal pain, diarrhea,etc.Characteristics of ordinary flu Seasonal is obvious, in our country, the influenza epidemic occurred generally in winter and spring in north region. The study found that influenza virus with the patient’s age, seasons different present different characteristics. Influenza virus is the main pathogenic bacteria in respiratory tract infection, tens of thousands of lives each year die of the disease, especially in the elderly and the youngth. Acute respiratory infections(ARI) viral etiology of acute respiratory tract infection monitoring prevention and control(ARI) is one of the key strategies and measures. Determination of acute respiratory infection in Huludao city(ARI) strains and recommended vaccine components, early detection of mutation, acute respiratory infection(ARI) on the basis of forecasting and early warning outbreak. In order to explore the acute respiratory infection in Huludao city(ARI) virus prevalence and variation, the definition of local acute respiratory infections(ARI) virus and age, region, season mode, in order to develop appropriate treatment and preventive measures for acute respiratory infection in the region(ARI) and provide a scientific basis for the clinical diagnosis, treatment and prevention.Method 2014 April to 2014 May in Huludao City, the 313 rd Hospital of PLA and the Central Hospital of respiratory syndrome cases in accordance with the criteria, 903 cases acute respiratory infections(ARI) in acute stage were collected, throat swab, by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR method for common acute respiratory tract infection(ARI) in the detection of the virus. Influenza viruses(including H1N1, H3N2, IVB), respiratory syncytial virus(RSV), adenovirus(HAd V), parainfluenza virus(PIV1, 2, 3). FIV adopt Real-time PCR method for testing. RSV and PIV adopt Nestedl- PCR method for testing. HHAd V adopt single-round PCR method for testing.Result This study through the detection of Huludao city in 2014 April ~ 2015 March 903 cases of influenza like cases of influenza virus, the total positive rate of Huludao area from 2014 to 2015 influenza virus was 16.72%, of which 16 new influenza a H1N1 strain, 135 strains of type H3N2. Influenza virus in winter and spring than in summer and autumn, with statistically significant difference in total positive rate of influenza virus in winter spring summer autumn and winter, the influenza virus detection rate of up to 30.21%, the lowest in summer 0%. Winter is flu season, climate and temperature is a main factor affecting the survival and spread of the influenza virus. The March flu virus detection rate of up to 38.18%, mainly because of the local area in spring and winter, the temperature fluctuation is big, big temperature difference between day and night, the cold and hot, then the epidemic influenza. Significant difference in detection rate with different ages of influenza virus. Data analysisshowed that: Huludao City influenza age in preschool children and students, 5 to 15 year old age group the highest positive rate of influenza virus was 29.89%, the main reason for this age group for preschool children and students, indoor activities are intensive, the air does not flow through the site is one of the important reasons of influenza virus infection the increase rate of. In addition, the time for outdoor activities in this population is also much higher than other age groups, the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is relatively large, prone to influenza virus infection.Huludao city in 2014 April to 2015 March in sporadic cases of influenza, influenza is relatively stable, the dominant strains in the influenza a H3N2, followed by a H1N1, did not mutate strains, no hepatitis, and the main subtype of the influenza epidemic is very close to [79-80. In recent years, with the Huludao influenza monitoring data, the annual flu month may be different, on climate change, this phenomenon with the annual and vaccination but no difference in age distribution, the annual flu. Therefore, to strengthen public places, kindergartens and primary and secondary spread of influenza prevention and control knowledge, route of transmission, enhance the comprehensive physical essential. In addition, inoculation of influenza vaccines, focusing on the susceptible children, elementary and middle school students, the elderly and chronic respiratory diseases.Through the study of Huludao city in 2014 April to 2015 March, 903 cases of acute respiratory infection(ARI) detection of viral etiology of case, determine the influenza A virus(H3N2), respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) and adenovirus(HAd V) is the cause of acute respiratory infection(ARI) of the main pathogens, and in the winter and spring seasons. This study showed that respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) is mainly concentrated in the 0-4 years old age group, the positive rate was 20.81%, consistent with the reported in the literature. Adenovirus(HAd V) is one of important pathogens causing acute upper respiratory tract infection, only to influenza A virus(H3N2), respiratory syncytial virus(RSV), mainly concentrated in the 0-4 years old age group, the positive rate was slightly higher than that of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV), 21.72%. And in the autumn season, summer is the acute respiratory tract infection(ARI) of the main pathogen.Parainfluenza virus(PIV) is one of the main pathogens causing respiratory tract infection in infants and young children is serious, but if the older children and adults infected with the virus, causing only mild respiratory tract infection. This study shows that the parainfluenza virus type 3(PIV-1) infection than parainfluenza virus type I and II(PIV-1, 2). In the winter and spring seasons, age distribution mainly concentrated in the 0-4 age group, the positive rate was 19.91%, the age group above 15 years almost no infection, 411 cases in the samples tested positive for only 1 cases. With the domestic correlation parainfluenza virus(PIV) epidemic distribution characteristics.Conclusion 1, influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) and adenovirus(HAdV) is the cause of acute respiratory infection in Huludao city(ARI) is the major viral pathogens. In 2, acute respiratory infections(ARI) virus detection rate is the highest, the lowest in summer. 3, the age group of 0-4 years old with acute respiratory tract infection(ARI) virus detection rate was the highest, 25 years old age group was the lowest. 4, H3N2 is the main pathogen of influenza virus in Huludao City, showing a high distribution trend in Huludao city. 5, 5-15 years old children, adolescent influenza virus detection rate is the highest in children under 5 years old, virus detection rate is the lowest. 6, acute respiratory infections(ARI) prevention focus of infection are infants, prevention and treatment of influenza virus infection is the focus of children and students. In summary, the pathogen monitoring of the region, can graspthe epidemic situation, effective for the treatment of respiratory tract infections, according to the etiology and epidemic characteristics, in order to develop appropriate treatment and preventive measures, for the region of acute respiratory infection(ARI) and provide scientific basis for the clinical diagnosis, treatment and prevention and control, so as to decrease the incidence and mortality of the disease, reduce the suffering of patients, reduce the economic burden.