Studies On Identifying And Tetraploid Inducing In Bud Mutation Of 'White Banana' Grape

The 'White Banana' grape is an Eur-american hybrid variety.It is a middle-later matural variety with wide adaptability.The variety has strong disease-resistance ,high cold-resistance and humidity-resistance.We found a bud mutation of 'White Banana' grapevine from a peasant's orchard by chance.The skin of bud mutation berry shows purplish red .The red skin of berry added its commerciality .Because the 'White Banana' is more remarkable than other Eur-american variety(example Kyoho,red Fuji)with its high yield ,disease-resisttance and low management expense , the bud mutation has the well value of spread . The trial contrasted the bud mutation with the non-bud mutation's grapevine in morphology and molecular biology. Tetraploid germplasm was expected to obtain by the treatment of colchicine on the tip of tender branch.of perennial plant and green wood cutting plant. The tetraploid would has few seeds and can provide parent material of triploid .Simultaneously, the tissue culture research was carried in the bud mutation for improving the variety's quanlity and raising inducting rate Laterly. Medium for explant disinfect ,intitial culture,multiplication culture and root culture was optimized and selected .The results are as follows:â‘ The morphology differentiation is the colour of young leaf between the 'White Banana' grapevine with its bud mutation .The former's colour is copper rust,the later is yellowish-green.It shows there has some relation between the gene that control the bud mutation with the young leafs colour.â‘¡The bud mutation is earlier mature thirteen days than the normal variety in phenology.The cause may be the bud mutation lead the sugar accumulation and the speed of the non-soluble pectin changed soluble pectin faster than the normal variety. This can reduce dehiscent fruit and bird harm.â‘¢The content of soluble-sugar, ratio of organic acid to souble sugar,pulp firmness and bearing pull force are remarkable different between the two varieties. The bud mutation added 3.5% to the content of soluble-sugar.lowered 11.3 to ratio of organic acid to souble sugar,increased 0.1kg/m~2 to pulp firmness and raised 0.41kg to bearing pull force.All these showed that the bud mutation can improve fruit commerciality.