Effects Of Electrostatic Field And Cultivars On Cross Compatibility And Embryo Rescue In Interspecific Crosses Between Prunus Avium L. And Prunus Pseudocerasus L.

Hybridizations between species and genera are one of effective approaches to create new germplasms. Aiming at the cross-incompatibility and hybrid sterility, interspecific hybridization was conducted between diploid European sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) and tetraploid Chinese cherry (Prunus pseudocerasus L.), and the experiments were conducted at the'Heling'Fruit Breeding Experimental Station and the Fruit Biology Laboratory of Shandong Agricultural University, from 2004 to 2005. Three sweet cherry cultivars,'Hongdeng','Napoleon','Xianfeng'and'Zayou No.1', were used as the female parent, and'Wulian Red Cherry','Wulian Yellow Cherry','Pingdu Cherry'and'Laiyang Cherry'as male parent. The effects of electrostatic field and varieties on cross compatibility and embryo rescue of distant hybrids were studied, and the embryo rescue system was optimized, and after rooting and acclimation, some hybrids were successfully transferred to soil. In addition, relationship between hybrid and parents were identified by flow cytometry, morphological characteristics analysis, RAPD and so on. The results showed that:1. An electrostatic dosage of 333⁴34 kV·m^-1 could effectively increase fruit set, and improve the distant cross compatibility between European sweet cherry and Chinese cherry. For example, d2 (333.33 kV·m^-1) induced a high fruit set in crosses'Napoleon'×'Wulian Red cherry'(23.8%) and'Zayou No.1'×'Wulian Red cherry'(13.0%). But when'Hongdeng'was used as female parent, with the treatment d3 (434 kV·m^-1), the fruit set was 1.67 times higher (10.57%) than without treatment (6.35%).2. With 333⁴74 kV·m^-1 treatment, the rate of germination and growth of hybrid embryos was higher than the untreatment. Consequently, an appropriate electrostatic dosage could improve the germination and growth of hybrid embryos. And in the electrostatic field pollen treatment by 333⁴74 kV·m^-1, the subsequent bud multiplication coefficient and average shoot height were significantly higher than the control. Among them, in treatment 333.33 kV·m^-1,...