The Effect Of Phosphate Fertilizer And Manure On Soil Phosphorus And Environmental Impacts

A lot of phosphate fertilizer and manure were applied in agricultural production, which causes the fertilizer resources massive wastes. And the accumulating phosphorus in agricultural field is dangerous to water body environment. According to above these reasons, the little district barrel experimentation, the long-term experimentation and irrigation experimentation were adopted in the paper. The relationship of Olsen-P, CaCl₂-P, NaOH-P in the profile of 0 100cm vegetable fields and the effect of phosphate fertilizer and manure on Olsen-P , CaCl₂-P, NaOH-P and dissolved phosphorus in water were studied, which was order to provide academic evidence for reducing runoff from agricultural land and phosphorus management. The results were as follows:In the little district barrel and long-term experimentation the results indicated that with increasing the amount of phosphate fertilizer and manure, the content of Olsen-P, CaCl₂-P, NaOH-P in soil remarkably increased. The content organic phosphorus in soil remarkably increased along with applying the manure. Based on the equal amount of manure, the soil organic phosphorus didn't remarkably increase along with increasing the amount of phosphate fertilizer, which indicated that the phosphate fertilizer didn't have regular influence on the soil organic phosphorus. The increased extent of the contents of Olsen-P, CaCl₂-P, NaOH-P in soil by applying decomposed manure was higher compared with partly decomposed manure. The increased extent of the content of soil organic phosphorus by partly decomposed manure was higher compared with applying decomposed manure.The field test result indicated that the phosphate fertilizer or the phosphate fertilizer combined with manure could remarkably reduce the phosphorus adsorptive capacity of calcareous soil. There were remarkable inverse correlations between the content of CaCl₂-P and phosphorus adsorption maxima, phosphorus sorption index. Along with phosphorus adsorption maxima and phosphorus sorption index reduced, the content of CaCl₂-P presented tendency of increase.The results showed that the contents of Olsen-P,CaCl₂-P,NaOH-P was 123.8³99.6mg/kg,9.1 27.2mg/kg, 184.9⁶08.9mg/kg in the profile of 0²0 cm layer respectively. The most of phosphorus in the soils was accumulated in the profile of 0-20cm layer and the content of Olsen-P, CaCl₂-P, NaOH-P were decreased with the depth of soils. When the content of Olsen-P was more than 55.6— 63.0mg/kg. The content of Olsen-P was the "Critical Value" of indicating the risk of phosphorus leaching.The runoff plot test result indicated that along with increasing the amount of phosphate fertilizer and manure, the content of CaCl₂P and Olsen-P, dissolved phosphorus in the irrigation waterremarkably increased. There were remarkable correlations between the content of CaCl2-P and Olsen-P, DP. The content of CaCl2-P can reflect the variety of dissolved phosphorus in runoff well, therefore, the index of Olsen-P or CaCb-P may be used to determine the possibility of the non- point source phosphorus pollution.