Monitoring Of Wheat Aphids And Yellow Dwarf Disease In Ningxia And Forecasting Techniques Based On Data-delivery Through Internet

Wheat aphids as insect pests frequently occur in the mountains and plains of Ningxia. It causes losses in wheat production every year. Yellow dwarf is an occasional disease, which prevails once in a number of years. The damages resulting from insect pests and diseases are usually serious. If not effectively prevented and controlled, in light cases, the annual rate of yield losses can be around 10%, while in averaged cases, the yield losses reaches 10-20%, but in slightly heavy cases, the yield losses can be more than 20%. In years when wheat aphids and yellow dwarf break out, the maximum annual rate of yield losses may be up to 60%.In recent years, due to the shifting of winter wheat plantation to the north and it's the increased cultivated areas , some changes has taken place in the occurrence tendency of yellow dwarf. The paper focuses on the occurrence regularity of wheat aphids and yellow dwarf and the forecasting techniques based on data-delivery through internet. After years of studies, the over-wintering conditions and primary sources of wheat aphids as well as their occurrence regularity and the four damage types have been identified. Meanwhile, the comprehensive forecasting technique, progressive regression and Markov Chain analyses have been improved. The preliminary tests on wheat yellow dwarf vectors found that small brown plant hopper is also a vector of wheat yellow dwarf in addition to wheat aphids.The studies on data-delivery through internet used information technology for realization of automation of the decision-making in management of insect pests and disease information, for adaptation to the diversity, timeliness and scientificness of insect pests and disease information and for sharing information and timely transfer of accurate information. The techniques solved the problems in normalization, visualization and networking of insect pest and disease information. It also modernized the information inputting and transmitting and delivering. In this study, a data bank of insect pests and diseases based on web at provincial and county levels was established.