Research And Popularization Of The New Technologies On Grape Proteceted Cultivation In Hunan Province

Gape (Vitis.L) is one of the important fruits in season which have very high economic value in Hunan province. It was been cultivated before the 1970's and to expand to large scale at now. At present, the climate with high temperature and high humidity is the bottleneck of developing grape industry. In order to promote its development, we took Kyoho and Fenhongyadumi and other 20 grape varieties as materials and used shelter cultivation for avoiding rain and force cultivation for promoting maturity, studied the influences of different cultivate modes on grape fruit quality, grape disease and dehiscent and mature period. Meanwhile, the conditions of open cultivation were compared. The results indicated:1.Under protected cultivation, there are no remarkable difference of the appearance character of grape fruit from these cultivated in open air. But the time of pigmentation of Wuhezaohong and other several varieties become earlier, the average weight of fruit increased and the fruit integrity raised. The inherent character show like this: cultivated in shelter for avoiding rain is the best, cultivated in open air is subsequent, cultivated in the shelter for promoting maturity is comparatively bad.2. Using protected cultivation, the occur rate of grape diseases and dehiscent fruit obviously decreased. In the conditions of shelter cultivation for avoiding rain and force cultivation for promoting maturity, the rate of dehiscent fruit reduced from 20%~60% to 1%~3%, obviously lower than cultivated in open air.3.Different cultivate modes have different influences on the mature time of grape. When cultivated in shelter for avoiding rain, the mature time is same to which cultivated in open air. When cultivated in the shelter for promoting maturity, it can advance the mature time about 15 d comparing to outdoor cultivation. When cultivated in the shelter for delaying maturity, the mature time can be delayed 1 to 3 months.4.By establishing experimental bases, establishing model yards, holding technological trains, distributing propaganda materials, we popularized the new technologies of grape protected cultivation in Hunan province. Now, the area of grape protected cultivation has increased to 10000 MU and it can bring 100 millions $ for people.The research findings not only can effectively exalt the technological level of planting grapes, but also will promote the continuable development of grape industry of Hunan province and increase the agricultural efficiency and farmers' incomes.