The Early Immunization Defence Study On Bordetella Avium Maternal Antibody To Chickens

Bordetella avium causes an upper respiratory tract disease called bordetellosis,which is a high contacted contagious disease.In 1984 Kersters regard avium is a new strain of Bordetella.Recently,some researches demonstrated that the infection ratio of B.avium was 10～50% in some region of China, Bordetellosis caused enormous ecnomic loss in farms with delayed growth and low feed reward of the stuffer.In China, the pathogen can result in the death of chicken embryo, low hatch rate and the acute death of chicken. Chicken,less than one-week, is most susceptive. The diseased chicken charactered depressing,food uptake reduce, and the most died of exhaust or secondary infection by other pathogens.The more than one-month chickens produce resistance to this disease, and the adult chicks do not present symptom after infection,but the eggs can be contaminated,and it causes vertical spread of this disease.Owing to currently local research present conditions to B.avian,we carry out this research for preventing the occurrence,epidemic of this bacteriosis. In this paper, we carried out serological survey initially and studied on Bordetella avium maternal antibody to chickens early immunization defence in Liaoxi. This result provide theory basis and test method for immune control. The research includes three parts: Part One : Serology survey of the Infection of Bodetella.avium in LiaoxiIn our study, the serological aggulatination test was operated with 801 samples collected from 25 poultry farms in JinZhou,BeiNing,YiXian,HuLudao county,etc.The result of our survey indicates that the infection of B.avium exists widely in Liaoxi. In the 801 samples, there are 326 which is from less than 70-day commercial poultry,and 475 from more than 70-day parental poultry. The result indicates that the antibody positive ratio is higher among more than 70-day age parental poultry, their average infection ratio was 51.79%,the infection ratio of Jinzhou,Beining,Yixian and Huludao was 26.32%(65/247),75.63%(121/160),87.3(48/55) and 92.31%(12/13) respectively.Regression analysis shows the infection ratio of B.avium is significant positive correlation with ages(r=0.9282). Part Two: Isolation and identification of Bordetella aviumSeventeen strains of Bordetella avium were isolated from attach chicken upper respirtory tract,eye lids and nasopharynxes from different places at different time.Analysis by morphology,culture distinguishing,biochemical,pathogenicity and antibodies sensitivity method,the result showed the bacteria which is a type of movable,nonendosporous,gram negative and tiny bacillus were Bordetella avium. Part Three:The Early Immunization Defence Study on Bordetella avium Maternal Antibody to chickens.In this study, We immunite to adult poultry with three kinds of high antigen titer inactivated vaccine of different adjuvants.Therefore, the poultry can defense the challenge of chicken B.avium through maternal antibody.Result shows the maternal antibody can provide three kind of efficient vaccines which use three different adjuvant respectively for chicken,the protect rate of maternal antibody by Oil adjuvant vaccine is 10~20% than by aloe adjuvant vaccine and propolis adjuvant vaccine.This result provides theory basis and test method for immune control.