Study On Variational Characters Of Black Soil Enzyme Activities On Actual Cultivational And Fertilizable Conditions

This paper studied the active variational characters of actalase, invertase, urease, phosphatase, protease in black soil in the corn belt of Jilin and Hailun experimenter of Heilongjiang, discussed the relationship between soil enzyme activities and soil fertility though the techno-path of reserch and sampling, field experimentation, potted plant experimentation and chemical analyse, and with the softwares of SAS, DPS and EXCEL, and opened out the essence of fertility degenerate in black soil .It gave us some academic gists to solve the question of black soil degeneration from a biochemical angle, and obtained nether some conclusions.It had determinate orderliness for the regional variation of black soil enzyme activities of the corn belt in Jilin. The enzyme activity was the highest in Dehui and Yushu, and it was the lowest in Lishu. Soil enzyme activities had a decrease current from north to south, the organic matter and effective nutrition contents also had the same current.We found two different sections ("plant type " and "wave type") by investigating the black soil area, and we studied the status and diversity of the soil enzyme activities in the circles of C, N and P. The result proved that the catalase, invertase and protease activities were higher in the "plant type" than in the "wave type", the high ratios were 28.82% , 6.93% and 10.06%, it had the same variational current of the soil organic matter and effective nutrition content, and the variation of the catalase activity showed significant difference . On the other hand, the urease, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase activities were lower in the "plant type" than in the "wave type", the low ratios were 28.70%, 8.81% and 11.31%, and the variation of the urease activity was significant difference . Because of the irrational fertilizer system in the black soil area , mass phosphors were fertilizered and cumulated ,so the effective phosphor content was lower in the "plant type" than in the "wave type", and it resulted that the alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase activities were lower in the "plant type" than in the "wave type", and it had not the same variational currinnt of the soil organic matter and effective nutrition contents.The urease activity was lower in the "plant type" than in the "wave type", and it had not the same variational current of the soil organic matter and effective nutrition contents. Itprovide a direction for us to study on the relations of enzyme activities, section planes and fertility in the black soil .Though investigating we found that the "plant type" was better structure than the "wave type", because it had better ability for the safeguard of water and fertility, so the organic matter content was higher in the "plant type" than in the "wave type", but we found that the effective soil content in the infield surface layer was shorter in the "plant type" than in the "wave type", and fertilizer had prodigious effect on the urease activity ,so the urease activity was lower in the "plant type" than in the "wave type". The result proved that the urease activity was an excel index of reflect the black soil fertility . Study on variational characters of black soil enzyme activities in different sections , it has positive effect for us to open out the disadvantage effect on actual cultivational system and put forward the sheltered measure in black soil.Though the variational contrast of black soil enzyme activities in different times ,we found that the urease activity was lower 18.81% than 20 years ago , it had the same variational current of the soil organic matter and full nutrition contents, and its activity was very significant difference. And the catalase activity was higher 35.2% than 20 years ago , it had not the same variational current of the soil organic matter content. The result proved that the urease and catalase activities were the excel indexs of reflect the black soil fertility .But acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activities were higher 9.05% and 12.94% than 20 years ago , it had not the same variational current of the soil organic matter content. Because of the irrational fertilizer system in the black soil area , mass phosphors ,nitrogens and less potassiums were fertilizered . According to correlation analysis and significant test, we also made sure that the urease and catalase activities were the excel indexs of reflect the black soil fertility.The result of field experimentation proved that the organic matter was increased when we increased the organic fertilizer , and correlation analysis showed significant differences , and different cropping breed , handling fertilizer , cropping breed and handling fertilizer interaction showed significant differences . The result proved that the urease activity was the finer index of reflect the black soil fertility .Study on variational characters of black soil enzyme activities in sustaining cultivation of different cropping breed ,we found that the urease activity and maize showed significant difference .The result proved that the feasibility of the maize sustaining cultivation in the black soil. And the urease activity was higher in thehoe wasteland than in the wasteland ,it showed that the urease activity was sensitive to hoe .The result proved that the urease activity was the okeh index of reflect the black soil fertility .Though discussing the question of fertility degradation from the biochemical angle , we found that the urease activity was the excel index of reflect the black soil fertility , so we can provide scientific theory gist for agriculture sustaining development in the corn belt of black soil.Study on the relationship of the enzyme activities and fertility on rational cultivational and fertilizable conditions though the potted plant experimentation , the result proved that the urease activity was the excellent index of reflect the black soil fertility , the protease ,catalase activities were the ecumenical indexs of reflect the black soil fertility and the phosphatase activity was also the discussional index of reflect the black soil fertility . It has positive effect for us on open out the fertility degradation mechanism , put forward rational fertilize measure and establish protecting environmental fertilize system .