Study On Efficacy Of Soil Solarization To Eggplant Verticillium Dahliae In Protective Cultivation

Eggplant is one of the main cultivation species in glasshouse of Northern region of our country .However, soil -borne diseases harmed seriously to the production of vegitable in the glasshouse.In the last,people often adapted some general methods,such as improving cultivated methods, engraft, selecting resistant species, chemical controlling and so on, but those methods had many disadvantages.Therefore,in this paper,the method of soil solarization treatment was first used to control soil disease in the protective cultivation for solving above questions.The eggplant disease that was standing for other all soil diseases was studied by isolating pathogen.Testing pathogenicity> testing biological charactaries in the room and efficaly of the different soil solarization treatments in the field.The results were as follows:(l).The selected media and methods that were used to isolate pathogen of cotton Verticillium Wilt were used sacceifully to isolate that of eggplant Verticillium Wilt,and soil wet-sieving could increase the number of pathogen more 4.6~9.6% than soil dilution method. It was first showed that the pathogen of eggplant Verticillium Wilt in Hexi even Gansu privential was V. dahlae, but not V. albo-atrum. Also, the distribution of V dahlae in the protective cultivation and in the field was similar. The level distribution was aggregated distribution. But in the perpendicular,as the depthe of soil layer added, sclerotium reduced. Pathogen distribute mainly the farming layer from 10cm to 20cm. And the spatial distribution of diseases in the greenhouse was related closely to the spatial distribution of pathogen.(2).The film-covered treament affect sharply on the tempreture of soil. The range of tempreture was from 13.5℃ to 18.15℃. And the single film could increase more 1.15~ 1.25℃ than double film from 0cm to 10cm,from 20cm to 40cm,not only single film but aslo double film hardy changed the tempreture of soil. In addition,as the depth of soil layer from 0cm to 40cm increased, the water of soil and soil bulk density decreased significantly , but soil porosity , alkali hydrolysis nitrogen and the available phosphorus were increased trend. Salt of soil in the protective cultivation reduced from 10cm to 20cm, but it varied unsignficantly from 30cm to 40cm. PH of surface layer from 0cm to 20cm reduced 0.78,and it didn t change from 30cm to 40cm.(3)With soil solarzation treatment the species and number of soil microorganism in the protective cultivation changed signficantly. Following the depth of soil increased,the number and category of microoganism decreased slowly. And the fungi changed more signficant thanbecteria ,but the actinomycetes was gradually increased trend. Futhermore,as the depth of soil layer added ,the efficacy decreased gradually. The fungi was better than becteria,and the actinomycetes was bad. The efficacey of the single flim covered and medicine treatment was the best.(4) The soil solarization treatment affected obviously on the sclerotium of eggplant Verticillium Wilt in the protective cultivation. The effection of single film covered treatment was the best. The day longer,the efficacy better in the fanning layer. But as the depth added the efficacy was lower.(5)With the soil solarization treatment, eggplant had better growing power ^ bigger and more fruiu lower disease incidence and index. Also,this method was good to other soil -borne disease. And the efficacy was still better next year.