Studies Of Abortion Identity And Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics On Cytoplasmic Male Sterily In Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.)

Researchers in Horticultural College of Shandong Agricultural University discovered a new pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) CMS resource in 1995, based on this, in the next several years they selected CMSes of different fruit shapes and found their maintainer and restorer. In this study, 1442 and 13733 three lines were chosen. The author searched the stages and forms of abortion; the trends of SOD, POD and CAT activities in different bud's stage; the effects of contents of soluble protein and sugar, MDA, 17 kinds of hydrolyzed amino acid and nine sorts of inorganic elements. The results were as following: 1. Results of microstructural observations of pepper anthers: Flower bud stage 1 to 7 was respectively incipient microsporogenesis, microsporogenesis or meiosis, meiosis, quartered microspore, single nuclear microspore, matured microspore stage, matured microspore stage. Abortion was found from stage 2 to 6. There were six forms: ①sporogenous cells were vacuolated, misshapen, stretched-out and the clearance between cells was enlarged; ②tapetum cells were elongated, vacuolated or tapetum was made up of multilayer cells or discomposed tardily; ③the normal structure of powder chamber was replaced by indifferentiated cells full of thin cytoplasm;④cell layers of powder chamber wall and middle-level were increased, tapetum cells were hypertrophied and microsporogenesis or microspore disaggregated;⑤quartered microspore couldn't be released because the callose wall of microspores couldn't disassemble;⑥cytoplasm of single nuclear microspore were decompounded. 2. Physiological and chemical characteristics of pepper CMS: From flower bud stage 1 to 7, in CMS the activities of SOD, POD and CAT were all restrained, and the stages of abortion were identical to the changes of three kinds of enzyme.