Selection Of Excellent Species In Cold-resist Tea Tree In Shandong Province

The excellent tea plants domesticated to mutation for thirty years were selected widely in Shandong province. Cuttage and field contrast experiment were done in fifty and seven excellent individual plants that were selected from representative tea areas at Xiaojinkou, Taishan borough, Tai'an city—the north boundary line of tea plants distribution in Shandong province. And two excellent individual plants with wide planting value-Lu tea 44 and Lu tea 8 were selected. The sum total of study on the subject is contained in this report.1. The heredity mutation analysis and study about tea tree in Shandong province were done. Through the cluster analysis of group mutation and ecology types in every tea garden in Shandong province and the study of cold tolerance and leaf tissue characters, it was found that there was large mutation in every character especial in cold tolerance. It showed that tea plant characters had adaptable change with many years planting in Shandong province. The breeding efficiency and selecting rate will be improved widely using these rich mutation groups and the good material basis or selecting groups will be provided for fostering new species.2. Four good species selecting areas were set according to the characters of tea garden distribution in Shandong province. And they were southeast alongshore tea area, Jiaodong peninsula tea area , south and middle of Lu mountain tea area. The excellent individual plants with good characteristics of high cold tolerance, morphological characteristics, biology characteristics, and adaptability and others were selected to be primary election material for reproducing study.3. Primary election materials were studied for reproducing. The experiments of cutting, grafting and tissue culturing showed that the grafting survival rate was more than 90% through short sprout grafting in early summer. The best disposal was the composition of one sprout with 1-2 leaves—double tongues grafting— bagging—plastic shed protect. Its average survival rate is 98.6%. The best grafting time is in spring it is good at the profit of spring tea and growth of young sprouts. Using tea young sprouts as explants to culture in vitro, the best plantlet differentiation is 83%, the bestrooting rate is 80%, the transplanting survival rate is 85%.An explant could become 47 ones through 3 times subculture.4. Field contrast experiments were done among every poplar clones. 16 species became the selections because of high grafting survival rates, through the cuttage to 57 excellent individual plants selected by the primary selection. Their grafting abilities > seedling growth qualities > cold tolerance abilities^ pests resistance abilities and character contrast experiments were measured. Comparable with the standards every representation was marked and the Lu tea 44 and Lu tea 8 were considered as new species because of high total marks.