Studies On Chemical Inducement Of Vitis Davidii During Growing Period

The experiment was done in Fruit Tree Teaching Base of Huanan Agricultural University from 2003 ~ 2004. Taking the diploid Vitis davidii for materaials, we brought branches to the same level for obtaining the same growth conditions .Methods of chemical inducement: immersion of colchicineconcentration on axillary bud injection of colchicine concentration on axillary bud and immersion of IAA concentration on axillary bud. Using white mucous cotton wraped the axillary buds and injected solution into the mucous cotton at 5-6 PM. One treatment was taked every day and different concentrations were treated on 30 axillary buds.These were repeated for 4d. Injection of colchicines on axillary bud:Solution was injected into vegetative spot of axillary bud directly, One treatment was talked every day and different concentrations were treated on 30 axillary buds.These also were repeated for 4d and clean water was treated for comparison.we treated axillary bud by0.1% 0.2%0.3% 0.4% 0.5% different densities of Colchicine and 0.01 % 0.03% 0.05% 0.07% 0.1% different densities of IAA,and abtained teraploid Vitis davidii germplasm (Including chimera). After 60-70d, made an observation on morphology and chromosome, first time Morplolog and Cytologycharacteristics of the mutated plantlets were studied in comparison with that of diploid Vitis davidii,Results indicate:(l)At the same cinditions of others,0.3% colchicine and 0.07%IAA brought the best effects. Their respective incucemental ratio were 33.3% and 16.7%.(2)The mutate plantlets had thicker leaf (21.4% ~ 26.6%),depper leaf colour,bigger leaf sawdust ,shorter branch segment(73.7%),like all general peculiarities of other dodecaploid.(3) Anatomy observation showed:the stomata density of the leaf on the mutated branches become smaller,the size of defensive cell incerased 9.0um and wide increased 2.5um,and pollen icreased 31.0%,but their regularity decrease.(4)Cytology studing suggested the choromosome number of mutated plantlets was 2n=4x=76,and some mixoploids were obtained.Furthermore,octoploid can be incuced by colchicines.(5) This study verified the doubling effection of colchicines to chromosome once more and indicated the chromosomes of grapevine are easy to be doubled. Furthermore, themethods of observation on chromosome were summvized. It has a certain value of popularization.