Study On Quantitative Character And Heterosis In Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.)

In order to raise the efficiency of breeding for pepper with characteristics of earliness,high yield, superior quality, and to explore the methods to improvement for pepper breeding.The study was carried out with twenty pepper lines,8 parents and their incomplete dialledcrosses as material. We studied the quantitative characters and heterosis in pepper,the resultswere as following: 1．The heritability of days to budding, flowering,fruiting was high,and the Coefficient ofhenotypic Variation was low.The heritability of virus sisease index ,fruit length,fruitwidth,fruit weight,fruit flesh weight,placenta weight was high and Coefficient of henotypicVariation was higi. The heritability of yield,number of fruit was low. 2. The heritability of days to flowering and fuit weight was higher,and significant andpositve correlation between early yied with these two characters was existed.Hence theselection for early yield per plant could be easily achieved by selecting days to flowering andfruit weight as direct selection characters. 3. The heterosis of the pepper were quite extensive and apparent. 62.56% crosses showedpositive heterosis over mid-parents, 34.87% crosses showed negative heterosis over themid-parents, only 2.3% crosses expressed no heterosis. The major crosses produced overdominance or partial dominance, only seldom crosses showed no dominance. 4．The relationships between parents and F1 hybrids showed: we selected the superiorparents in early yield, total yield ,and quality traits ,so could raise the correlative traits of F1hybrids. 5．There were greatly difference among various parents and among various traits ongeneral combining abilities, and so were specific combining abilities. We couldcomprehensively evaluate parents according to general combining ability, specific combiningability variances and their standard deviation. .The analysis in general combining abilitiesshowed 2,4,5,7 were regarded as good parents in the high yield character breeding, 2,4 in theearliness character,and 1,8 in the quality character breeding. The analysis in generalcombining abilities showed 17 was good in quality character,16 in earliness character,20 inhigh yield character.