Study On Microspores Culture Of Eggplant

The system of microspore culture of eggplant was established. The results were following as:1. There were evident difference in genotypes. Among the six genotypes tested, each obtained callus. Average callus induction rate was 31 callus/anther, and the highest one was 61 callus/anther. Three regenerants were obtained from cultivar No. 37 , and their ploidy was assessed by flow cytometer. Only one of the regenerants was haploid, 2 were diploid. Shoots or leaves were obtained from 2 cultivar and the others did not obtained shoots or leaves.2. The induction rate of callus varied among the 9 induction media. All induction media obtained callus and the induction rate was 5-58 callus/anther. The highest callus induction rate was obtained Modified KM medium containing 7.5% glucose and phytohormones(2,4-D 0.2mg/L,ZT 0.5mg/L and NAA 1.0mg/L).3. There was no callus on the low temperature pre-treatment at 4℃, prior to isolation of microspores. But the high temperature pre-treatment at 36 ℃ stimulated the initiation of callus formation. Prior to high temperature pre-treatment at 36 ℃, these anthers were given an additional low temperature treatment at 4℃, which stimulated much more initiation of callus formation than mere high temperature pre-treatment at 36 ℃. The pre-treatment containing low temperature pre-treatment at 4℃ for 6 days and high temperature pre-treatment at 36℃ for 6 days was most effective for induction of microspores callus formation in eggplant, and greatly improved the induction rate of callus formation.4. The co-cultivation of anther walls improved the frequency of callus formation. Eight days of anther co-cultivation resulted in the highest callus yield.5. The addition of activated carbon on induction medium inhibited callus formation, which reduced induction rate of callus formation.6. The induction rate in greenhouse was lower than in nature.7. Callus were inoculated to liquid-solid double-layer medium, which greatly increased the development rate of callus from 25-27% to 66-70%.8. MS medium containing phytohormones (ZT 2.0mg/L and IAA 0.1mg/L) was shown to be most efficient for differentiation of adventitious shoots.9. Roots were obtained from MS medium containing phytohormones IAA 0-0.5 mg/L. Ms medium containing IAA 0-0.1 mg/L was optimal for induction of roots.