Geographic Variation In Seedling Stage And Genetic Polymorphism Of Chinese Sweetgum (Liquidambar Formosana Hance)

Liquidambar formosana is a tall and big deciduous tree and it distributes in extensive regions. It has strong adaptability, can resist wind, can resist drought and barren soil ,grows fast.The study of Liquidambar formosana provenance trial was carried out for the first time in china, that contained the genetic variation of seed properties, seedling stage growing amounts, leaf color and adaptability. RAPD marker was introduced to study the difference between Liquidambar formosana population. With the introducing of sweetgum(Liquidambar styraciflua), the differences was studied between two genus. The main results of study were the following:The remarkable difference between Liquidambar formosana provenance existed in all properties studied. The properties of seed was negative relevant with average annual temperature and precipitation amounts. seedling stage growing amounts, time of fallen leaf and freeze injury was negative relevant with latitude. At autumn, with the gradual decline of temperature, pH value of leaf's cell liquid was decline, anthocyanin amounts was increased, that made leaves became red. Anthocyanin amounts was the main reason of leaf color difference and it was straightly relevant with latitude. It also had closely related with the cold-resistant ability.The DNA drawings method was chosen and PCR procedure of Liquidambar formosana was optimized. The variation based on RAPD was described. There was abundant variation between populations. Shannon's phenotypic index was used to estimate the variation between populations of Liquidambar formosana. RAPD analysis showed the Liquidambar formosana population had very high genetic diversity. Based on RAPD analysis, there was 28.7% difference betweenpopulations,71.3% within population.Cluster analysis was used between provenances through the seedling stage phenotype properties, including the growing amount, leaf color, adaptability. Referring to RAPD analysis results, geography variation of Liquidambar formosana was a variation that latitude mainly brought on. It's variation mode was two-way variation from latitude and longitude.Results that compared with Liquidambar formosana showed: seeds of Liquidambar styraciflua was relatively weigh, but seed vigor and grows amounts germination were relatively bad There was abundant variation between populations. Based on RAPD analysis, there was 25.4% difference between populations, 74.6% within population. the similar coefficients between two genus was 0.8325 through RAPD analysis. That showed there were a near relation between genus.